List of earthquakes in Peru

Earthquakes in Peru are common occurrences as the country is located in a seismic zone. The interface between the Nazca and South American tectonic plates is located near the Peruvian coast. The South American plate is moving over the Nazca plate at a rate of 77 mm (3.0 in) per year.[1]

Seismic hazard map in Peru

This earthquakes occur as thrust faulting on the interface between the two plates, with the South American plate moving towards the sea over the Nazca plate. The same process has caused the rise of the Andes mountain range and the creation of the Peru–Chile Trench, as well as volcanism in the Peruvian highlands.

Geology of Peru

The oldest rocks in Peru date to the Precambrian and are more than two billion years old. Along the southern coast, granulite and charnockite shows reworking by an ancient orogeny mountain-building event. Situated close to the Peru-Chile Trench, these rocks have anomalously high strontium isotope ratios, which suggest recent calc-alkaline volcanism.

In the Eastern Cordillera of Peru, Precambrian magmatism in the Huanaco region produced ultramafic, mafic and felsic rocks, including serpentinite, meta-diorite, meta-gabbro, meta-tonalite and diorite and granite that intruded after the first phase of orogenic tectonic activity.

The Grenville orogeny had a major impact in Peru. The basement of the Central Andean orogeny includes the rocks of the Arequipa Massif, which reach granulite grade on the sequence of metamorphic facies and formed around 1.9 billion years ago. Zircon grains in these rocks match those in Labrador, Greenland and Scotland, indicating that much of western South America originated as a promontory of the proto-North American continent Laurentia.

Earthquakes

Notable earthquakes in Peruvian history include the following:

Date Location Mag. MMI Deaths Injuries Notes Citations
2024-06-28 Arequipa 7.2 Mw VIII 20 Moderate damage [2]
2022-07-13 Moquegua 5.5 Mw VII 6 Moderate damage [3]
2022-05-27 Ica 5.5 Mw  IV 8 Minor damage [4]
2022-05-12 Lima 5.5 Mw  VII 2 11 Moderate damage [5]
2022-03-16 Arequipa 5.5 Mw  VII 6 Severe damage [6][7][8]
2022-02-03 Loreto 6.5 Mw  VI Minor damage/Intermediate depth [9]
2021-11-28 Loreto 7.5 Mw  VIII 12 136 Severe damage/Intermediate depth
2021-07-30 Piura 6.2 Mw VII 721 Severe damage
2021-06-22 Lima 5.9 Mw VI 1 20 Moderate damage
2020-06-07 Ancash 4.5 Mw  IV 1 [10]
2019-05-26 Loreto 8.0 Mw VIII 2 30 Intermediate depth [11]
2019-03-01 Puno 7.0 Mw VII 1 2 [12]
2018-01-14 Arequipa 7.1 Mw  VII 2 139 [13]
2016-12-01 Puno 6.2 Mw  VII 1 17 40 houses damaged in Lampa Province [14][15]
2016-08-15 Arequipa 5.5 Mw  9 68 605 homes destroyed [16]
2015-11-25 Ucayali 7.6 Mw  V [17]
2015-11-25 Madre de Dios 7.6 Mw  IV [18]
2014-09-27 Cusco 5.0 Mw  VII 8 60 homes damaged
2013-09-25 Arequipa 7.1 Mw VIII 190 homes damaged [19]
2012-01-30 Ica 6.4 Mw VI 119 Buildings damaged [20][21]
2011-10-28 Huancavelica 6.9 Mw VII 1 [22]
2011-08-24 Ucayali 7.0 Mw VI 1 20 Buildings damaged [23]
2007-08-15 Ica 8.0 Mw IX 595 2,291 Severe damage [24][25]
2005-09-26 San Martín 7.5 Mw VI 20 266
2001-07-07 Arequipa 7.6 Mw VII 3 Aftershock [26]
2001-06-23 Arequipa 8.4 Mw IX 74–145 2,713 Tsunami 7 m (23 ft)
1996-11-12 Ica 7.7 Mw VIII 24 Severe damage [27]
1996-02-21 Nazca 7.4 Mw V 12 Moderate damage
1993-04-18 Lima 6.3 Mw 10
1991-04-04 Loreto 6.5 Mw IX 100 Severe damage
1990-05-29 Amazonas 6.8 Mw VIII 300 Great damage in Moyobamba
1986-04-06 Cuzco 6.1 Mw VII 27
1986-01-11 Ancash 5.1 Mw  IV 1 Moderate damage/landslides [28]
1979-02-16 Arequipa 6.8 Mw VIII 100 Severe damage
1974-10-03 Lima 8.1 Mw IX 78 2,400
1970-05-31 Ancash 7.9 Mw VIII 66,794–70,000 50,000 Extreme damage, Major landslide
1970-02-14 Huanuco 6.1 Mw 14
1969-10-01 Junin 6.9 Mw 635 Severe damage
1966-10-17 Lima 8.1 Mw IX 100
1960-11-20 Ica 7.8 Mw VIII 13 Tsunami 9 m (30 ft)
1960-01-13 Arequipa 6.2 Mw 100
1958-01-15 Arequipa 7.0 Mw 69
1953-12-12 Tumbes 7.5 Mw VIII 7 20
1950-05-21 Cuzco 7.0 Mw 1,625 Severe damage
1947-11-01 Junin 7.6 Mw 1,242
1946-11-10 Ancash 7.3 Mw IX 1,400
1943-01-30 Cuzco 6.5 Mw 252
1942-08-24 Ica 8.2 Mw IX 30 Tsunami 1.6 m
1940-05-24 Lima 8.2 Mw 562 Severe damage in Lima
1937-12-24 Pasco 6.8 Mw 194
1928-05-14 Chachapoyas 7.2 Mw X 1,928
1917-05-21 Arequipa 6.1 Mw 32
1914-12-04 Ayacucho 6.7 Mw 400
1913-11-04 Apurímac 6.5 Mw 253
1877-05-09 Tarapaca 8.8 Mw XI 2,385 Major Tsunami
1869-08-24 Arequipa 8.4 Ms [29]
1868-08-13 Arica 9.0 Mw XI 25,000 Extreme damage, Major tsunami 16 m (52 ft)
1828-03-30 Lima 8.3 Ms 162 [30]
1821-07-10 Arequipa 8.2 Ms VII [31]
1784-03-13 Arequipa 8.4 Mw  X 400 Tsunami 2–4 m (6 ft 7 in – 13 ft 1 in)
1746-10-28 Lima, Callao 9.0 Mw  XI 5,941 Tsunami 24 m (79 ft)
1725-01-06 La Libertad 7.6 Mw 5,000
1716-02-11 Ica 8.6 Muk  X [32]
1716-02-06 Arequipa 8.8 Muk  IX [32]
1678-06-18 Lima 8.4 Ms IX 3 [33]
1687-10-20 Ica 8.7 Mw X 5,000 Major tsunami
1655-11-13 Lima 8.8 Ms IX [29]
1650-05-12 Cuzco 7.7 Mw 460
1650-03-31 Arica 7.0 Ms 5,000
1650-03-31 Cuzco 8.1 Muk  X [34]
1630-11-27 Lima 8.1 Muk  VII Moderate damage [35]
1619-02-14 La Libertad 8.6 Ms 350 [32]
1609-10-20 Lima 8.6 Muk  VIII [32]
1604-11-24 Arica 8.5 Mw 1,200
1600-02-28 Arequipa 8.1 Muk  X [36]
1600-02-19 Arequipa 7.9 Muk  XI 1,500 [37]
1590 Arequipa 7.7 Ms VII [38]
1586-07-09 Lima 8.6 Mw 22
1584-03-17 Lima 8.4 Ms VII [39]
1582-08-15 Arequipa 7.8 Muk  VII [40]
1582-01-22 Arequipa 8.2 Ms X [41]
1555-11-15 Lima 8.4 Muk  VII Major tsunami [42]
1513 Arequipa 8.7 Muk  VIII [32]
1471 Arequipa 8.0 Muk  IX [43]
The inclusion criteria for adding events are based on WikiProject Earthquakes' notability guideline that was developed for stand alone articles. The principles described are also applicable to lists. In summary, only damaging, injurious, or deadly events should be recorded.

See also

Sources

  1. ^ Tang, Alex K; Johnsson, JöRgen, eds. (2010), Pisco, Peru, Earthquake of August 15, 2007, doi:10.1061/9780784410615, ISBN 978-0-7844-1061-5
  2. ^ ANSS. "M 7.2 – 8 km W of Atiquipa, Peru 2024". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  3. ^ ANSS. "M 5.5 – 14 km WSW of La Capilla, Peru 2022". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  4. ^ ANSS. "M 5.5 – 12 km S of Santiago, Peru 2022". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  5. ^ ANSS. "M 5.4 – 11 km WNW of San Bartolo, Peru 2022". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  6. ^ "M 5.6 – 5 km E of Huambo, Peru". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2022-03-16. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  7. ^ "Arequipa: 12 sismos en últimas horas causan deslizamientos y daños a viviendas". elbuho.pe (in Spanish). 16 March 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-03-16. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  8. ^ "Arequipa: tres heridos, 406 afectados y 35 casas inhabitables dejó temblor de magnitud 5,5, según Indeci" (in Spanish). El Comercio. 17 March 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-03-18. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  9. ^ "M 6.5 – 47 km NW of Barranca, Peru". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2022-02-03. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
  10. ^ "Chimbote: Joven muere por paro cardíaco durante temblor". Correo (in Spanish). 2020-06-08. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
  11. ^ "M 8.0 – 78 km SE of Lagunas, Peru". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  12. ^ "M 7.0 – 23 km NNE of Azangaro, Peru". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  13. ^ ANSS. "M 7.1 - 37 km W of Atiquipa, Peru 2018". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  14. ^ ANSS. "M 6.2 – 22 km SW of Vilavila, Peru 2016". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  15. ^ "Sismo en sureste de Perú dejó un muerto y 17 heridos". El Telégrafo (in Spanish). Agence France-Presse. December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
  16. ^ ANSS. "2016 M 5.5 – 11 km SW of Tapay, Peru". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  17. ^ ANSS. "M 7.6 - 185 km WNW of Iñapari, Peru 2015". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  18. ^ ANSS. "M 7.6 - 155 km WNW of Iñapari, Peru 2015". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  19. ^ ANSS. "M 7.1 - 16 km WSW of Atiquipa, Peru 2013". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  20. ^ "M 6.4 – 6 km ESE of Pampa de Tate, Peru". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2022-06-17.
  21. ^ "Peru 6.2-Magnitude Earthquake Injures 119 and Damages Homes". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on 2012-02-02. Retrieved 2022-06-17.
  22. ^ "M 6.9 – near the coast of central Peru". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
  23. ^ earthquake.usgs.gov https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp000j6z8/executive. Retrieved 2024-12-16. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ^ "Hoy, hace seis años, Pisco fue sacudido por un terremoto de 7.9 grados" (in Spanish). 15 August 2013. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017.
  25. ^ "M 8.0 – near the coast of central Peru". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  26. ^ ANSS. "M 7.6 - 51 km SW of Punta de Bombón, Peru 2001". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  27. ^ ANSS. "M 7.7 – near the coast of central Peru 1996". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  28. ^ ANSS. "M 5.1 – 2 km ENE of Centenario, Peru 1986". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  29. ^ a b Tavera, Hernando (2001). Catalogo sismico del Peru: 1471–1982 (Report) (in Spanish). Instituto Geofísico del Perú. Archived from the original on 2024-08-08.
  30. ^ "Perú earthquake 1828".
  31. ^ "Global Historical Earthquake Archive - 10 July 1821". www.emidius.eu. Retrieved 2024-12-25.
  32. ^ a b c d e "NGDC Earthquake Hazard". NGDC.
  33. ^ "Perú earthquake 1678".
  34. ^ "Peru earthquake Cuzco 1650".
  35. ^ "Peru Earthquake 1630".
  36. ^ "Peru earthquake 1600-02-28".
  37. ^ "Peru earthquake 1600-02-19".
  38. ^ "Peru earthquake 1590".
  39. ^ "Peru earthquake 1584".
  40. ^ "1582-08-15 Peru earthquake".
  41. ^ "1582-01-22 Earthquake".
  42. ^ "Peru Earthquake 1555".
  43. ^ "Peru earthquake 1471".

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