List of World Men's Curling Champions

Main article: World Curling Championships

The following is a list of the winners of the World Men's Curling Championship since the inception of the championships in 1959.

Medalists

Men's World Curling Champions
Year	Gold		Silver		Bronze
	Country	Team	Country	Team	Country	Team
1959	Canada	Ernie Richardson Arnold Richardson Sam Richardson Wes Richardson	Scotland	Willie Young John Pearson Jimmy Scott Bobby Young
1960	Canada	Ernie Richardson Arnold Richardson Sam Richardson Wes Richardson	Scotland	Hugh Neilson Watson Yuill Tom Yuill Andrew Wilson
1961	Canada	Hec Gervais Ray Werner Vic Raymer Wally Ursuliak	Scotland	Willie McIntosh Andrew McLaren Jim Miller Bob Stirrat	United States	Frank Crealock Ken Sherwood John Jamieson Bud McCartney
1962	Canada	Ernie Richardson Arnold Richardson Sam Richardson Wes Richardson	United States	Dick Brown Terry Kleffman Fran Kleffman Nick Jerulle	Scotland	Willie Young John Pearson Sandy Anderson Bobby Young
1963	Canada	Ernie Richardson Arnold Richardson Sam Richardson Mel Perry	Scotland	Chuck Hay John Bryden Alan Glen Jimmy Hamilton	United States	Mike Slyziuk Nelson Brown Ernie Slyziuk Walter Hubchick
1964	Canada	Lyall Dagg Leo Hebert Fred Britton Barry Naimark	Scotland	Alex F. Torrance Alex A. Torrance Bobby Kirkland Jimmy Waddell	United States	Bob Magie Jr. Bert Payne Russell Barber Britton Payne
1965	United States	Bud Somerville Bill Strum Al Gagne Tom Wright	Canada	Terry Braunstein Don Duguid Gordon McTavish Ray Turnbull	Sweden	Tore Rydman Gunnar Kullendorf Sigurd Rydén Börje Holmgren
1966	Canada	Ron Northcott George Fink Bernie Sparkes Fred Storey	Scotland	Chuck Hay John Bryden Alan Glen David Howie	United States	Bruce Roberts Joe Zbacnik Gerry Toutant Mike O'Leary
1967	Scotland	Chuck Hay John Bryden Alan Glen David Howie	Sweden	Bob Woods Totte Åkerlund Bengt af Kleen Ove Söderström	United States	Bruce Roberts Tom Fitzpatrick John Wright Doug Walker
1968	Canada	Ron Northcott Jimmy Shields Bernie Sparkes Fred Storey	Scotland	Chuck Hay John Bryden Alan Glen David Howie	United States	Bud Somerville Bill Strum Al Gagne Tom Wright
1969	Canada	Ron Northcott Dave Gerlach Bernie Sparkes Fred Storey	United States	Bud Somerville Bill Strum Franklin Bradshaw Gene Ovesen	Scotland	Bill Muirhead George Haggart Derek Scott Alec Young
1970	Canada	Don Duguid Rod Hunter Jim Pettapiece Bryan Wood	Scotland	Bill Muirhead George Haggart Derek Scott Murray Melville	Sweden	Claes Källén Christer Källén Sture Lindén Tom Schaeffer
1971	Canada	Don Duguid Rod Hunter Jim Pettapiece Bryan Wood	Scotland	James Sanderson Willie Sanderson Iain Baxter Colin Baxter	United States	Dale Dalziel Dennis Melland Clark Sampson Rodney Melland
1972	Canada	Orest Meleschuk Dave Romano John Hanesiak Pat Hailley	United States	Robert LaBonte Frank Aasand John Aasand Ray Morgan	West Germany	Manfred Räderer Peter Jacoby Peder Ledosquet Hansjörg Jacoby
1973	Sweden	Kjell Oscarius Bengt Oscarius Tom Schaeffer Boa Carlman	Canada	Harvey Mazinke Billy Martin George Achtymichuk Dan Klippenstein	France	Pierre Boan André Mabboux André Tronc Gérard Pasquier
1974	United States	Bud Somerville Bob Nichols Bill Strum Tom Locken	Sweden	Jan Ullsten Tom Berggren Anders Grahn Roger Bredin	Switzerland	Peter Attinger Jr. Bernhard Attinger Mattias Neuenschwander Jürg Geiler
1975	Switzerland	Otto Danieli Roland Schneider Rolf Gautschi Ueli Mülli	United States	Ed Risling Charles Lundgren Gary Schnee Dave Tellvik	Canada	Bill Tetley Rick Lang Bill Hodgson Peter Hnatiw
1976	United States	Bruce Roberts Joe Roberts Gary Kleffman Jerry Scott	Scotland	Bill Muirhead Derek Scott Len Dudman Roy Sinclair	Switzerland	Adolf Aerni Martin Sägesser Martin Plüss Robert Stettler
1977	Sweden	Ragnar Kamp Håkan Rudström Björn Rudström Christer Mårtensson	Canada	Jim Ursel Art Lobel Don Aitken Brian Ross	Scotland	Ken Horton Willie Jamieson Keith Douglas Richard Harding
1978	United States	Bob Nichols Bill Strum Tom Locken Bob Christman	Norway	Kristian Sørum Morten Sørum Eigil Ramsfjell Gunnar Meland	Canada	Ed Lukowich Mike Chernoff Dave Johnston Ron Schindle
1979	Norway	Kristian Sørum Morten Sørum Eigil Ramsfjell Gunnar Meland	Switzerland	Peter Attinger Jr. Bernhard Attinger Mattias Neuenschwander Ruedi Attinger	Canada	Barry Fry Bill Carey Gordon Sparkes Bryan Wood
1980	Canada	Rick Folk Ron Mills Tom Wilson Jim Wilson	Norway	Kristian Sørum Eigil Ramsfjell Gunnar Meland Harald Ramsfjell	Switzerland	Jürg Tanner Jürg Hornisberger Franz Tanner Patrik Lörtscher
1981	Switzerland	Jürg Tanner Jürg Hornisberger Patrik Lörtscher Franz Tanner	United States	Bob Nichols Bud Somerville Bob Christman Bob Buchanan	Canada	Kerry Burtnyk Mark Olson Jim Spencer Ron Kammerlock
1982	Canada	Al Hackner Rick Lang Bob Nicol Bruce Kennedy	Switzerland	Jürg Tanner Jürg Hornisberger Patrik Lörtscher Franz Tanner	West Germany	Keith Wendorf Hans Dieter Kiesel Sven Saile Heiner Martin
1983	Canada	Ed Werenich Paul Savage John Kawaja Neil Harrison	West Germany	Keith Wendorf Hans Dieter Kiesel Sven Saile Heiner Martin	Norway	Eigil Ramsfjell Sjur Loen Gunnar Meland Bo Bakke
1984	Norway	Eigil Ramsfjell Sjur Loen Gunnar Meland Bo Bakke	Switzerland	Peter Attinger Jr. Bernhard Attinger Werner Attinger Kurt Attinger	Sweden	Connie Östlund Per Lindeman Carl von Wendt Bo Andersson
1985	Canada	Al Hackner Rick Lang Ian Tetley Pat Perroud	Sweden	Stefan Hasselborg Mikael Hasselborg Hans Nordin Lars Wernblom	Denmark	Hans Gufler Steen Hansen Michael Sindt Frants Gufler
1986	Canada	Ed Lukowich John Ferguson Neil Houston Brent Syme	Scotland	David Smith Hammy McMillan Mike Hay Peter Smith	United States	Steve Brown Wally Henry George Godfrey Richard Maskel
1987	Canada	Russ Howard Glenn Howard Tim Belcourt Kent Carstairs	West Germany	Rodger Schmidt Wolfgang Burba Johnny Jahr Hans-Joachim Burba	Norway	Eigil Ramsfjell Sjur Loen Morten Søgaard Bo Bakke
1988	Norway	Eigil Ramsfjell Sjur Loen Morten Søgaard Bo Bakke	Canada	Pat Ryan Randy Ferbey Don Walchuk Don McKenzie	Scotland	David Smith Mike Hay Peter Smith David Hay
1989	Canada	Pat Ryan Randy Ferbey Don Walchuk Don McKenzie Murray Ursulak	Switzerland	Patrick Hürlimann Andreas Hänni Patrik Lörtscher Mario Gross	Norway	Eigil Ramsfjell Sjur Loen Morten Søgaard Bo Bakke Morten Skaug
					Sweden	Thomas Norgren Jan-Olov Nässén Anders Lööf Mikael Ljungberg Peter Cederwall
1990	Canada	Ed Werenich John Kawaja Ian Tetley Pat Perroud Neil Harrison	Scotland	David Smith Mike Hay Peter Smith David Hay	Denmark	Tommy Stjerne Per Berg Peter Andersen Ivan Frederiksen Anders Søderblom
					Sweden	Lars-Åke Nordström Christer Ödling Peder Flemström Peter Nenzén Anders Gidlund
1991	Scotland	David Smith Graeme Connal Peter Smith David Hay Mike Hay	Canada	Kevin Martin Kevin Park Dan Petryk Don Bartlett Jules Owchar	Norway	Eigil Ramsfjell Sjur Loen Niclas Järund Morten Skaug Dagfinn Loen
					United States	Steve Brown Paul Pustovar George Godfrey Wally Henry Mike Fraboni
1992	Switzerland	Markus Eggler Frédéric Jean Stefan Hofer Björn Schröder	Scotland	Hammy McMillan Norman Brown Gordon Muirhead Roger McIntyre	Canada	Vic Peters Dan Carey Chris Neufeld Don Rudd
					United States	Doug Jones Jason Larway Joel Larway Tom Violette
1993	Canada	Russ Howard Glenn Howard Wayne Middaugh Peter Corner Larry Merkley	Scotland	David Smith Graeme Connal Peter Smith David Hay Gordon Muirhead	Switzerland	Dieter Wüest Jens Piesbergen Peter Grendelmeier Simon Roth Martin Zürrer
					United States	Scott Baird Pete Fenson Mark Haluptzok Tim Johnson Dan Haluptzok
1994	Canada	Rick Folk Pat Ryan Bert Gretzinger Gerry Richard Ron Steinhauer	Sweden	Jan-Olov Nässén Anders Lööf Mikael Ljungberg Leif Sätter Örjan Jonsson	Germany	Andy Kapp Uli Kapp Oliver Axnick Holger Höhne Michael Schäffer
					Switzerland	Markus Eggler Dominic Andres Stefan Hofer Björn Schröder Martin Zürrer
1995	Canada	Kerry Burtnyk Jeff Ryan Rob Meakin Keith Fenton Denis Fillion	Scotland	Gordon Muirhead Peter Loudon Robert Kelly Russell Keiller Graeme Connal	Germany	Andy Kapp Uli Kapp Oliver Axnick Holger Höhne Michael Schäffer
1996	Canada	Jeff Stoughton Ken Tresoor Garry Van Den Berghe Steve Gould Darryl Gunnlaugson	Scotland	Warwick Smith David Smith Peter Smith David Hay Richard Dickson	Switzerland	Patrick Hürlimann Patrik Lörtscher Daniel Gutknecht Diego Perren Stephan Keiser
1997	Sweden	Peja Lindholm Tomas Nordin Magnus Swartling Peter Narup Marcus Feldt	Germany	Andy Kapp Oliver Axnick Holger Höhne Michael Schäffer Keith Wendorf	Scotland	Hammy McMillan Norman Brown Mike Hay Brian Binnie Peter Loudon
1998	Canada	Wayne Middaugh Graeme McCarrel Ian Tetley Scott Bailey David Carruthers	Sweden	Peja Lindholm Tomas Nordin Magnus Swartling Peter Narup Marcus Feldt	Finland	Markku Uusipaavalniemi Wille Mäkelä Tommi Häti Jari Laukkanen Jussi Uusipaavalniemi
1999	Scotland	Hammy McMillan Warwick Smith Ewan MacDonald Peter Loudon Gordon Muirhead	Canada	Jeff Stoughton Jon Mead Garry Van Den Berghe Doug Armstrong Steve Gould	Switzerland	Patrick Hürlimann Dominic Andres Martin Romang Diego Perren Patrik Lörtscher
2000	Canada	Greg McAulay Brent Pierce Bryan Miki Jody Sveistrup Darin Fenton	Sweden	Peja Lindholm Tomas Nordin Magnus Swartling Peter Narup Marcus Feldt	Finland	Markku Uusipaavalniemi Wille Mäkelä Tommi Häti Jari Laukkanen Perttu Piilo
2001	Sweden	Peja Lindholm Tomas Nordin Magnus Swartling Peter Narup Anders Kraupp	Switzerland	Andreas Schwaller Markus Eggler Damian Grichting Marco Ramstein Christof Schwaller	Norway	Pål Trulsen Lars Vågberg Flemming Davanger Bent Ånund Ramsfjell Tore Torvbråten
2002	Canada	Dave Nedohin Randy Ferbey Scott Pfeifer Marcel Rocque Dan Holowaychuk	Norway	Pål Trulsen Lars Vågberg Flemming Davanger Bent Ånund Ramsfjell Niels Siggaard Andersen	Scotland	Warwick Smith Norman Brown Ewan MacDonald Peter Loudon Tom Brewster, Jr.
2003	Canada	David Nedohin Randy Ferbey Scott Pfeifer Marcel Rocque Dan Holowaychuk	Switzerland	Ralph Stöckli Claudio Pescia Pascal Sieber Simon Strübin Marco Battilana	Norway	Pål Trulsen Lars Vågberg Flemming Davanger Bent Ånund Ramsfjell Niels Siggaard Andersen
2004	Sweden	Peja Lindholm Tomas Nordin Magnus Swartling Peter Narup Anders Kraupp	Germany	Sebastian Stock Daniel Herberg Stephan Knoll Patrick Hoffman Markus Messenzehl	Canada	Mark Dacey Bruce Lohnes Rob Harris Andrew Gibson Mathew Harris
2005	Canada	David Nedohin Randy Ferbey Scott Pfeifer Marcel Rocque Dan Holowaychuk	Scotland	David Murdoch Craig Wilson Neil Murdoch Euan Byers Ewan MacDonald	Germany	Andy Kapp Uli Kapp Oliver Axnick Holger Höhne Andreas Kempf
2006	Scotland	David Murdoch Ewan MacDonald Warwick Smith Euan Byers Peter Smith	Canada	Jean-Michel Ménard François Roberge Éric Sylvain Maxime Elmaleh Jean Gagnon	Norway	Thomas Ulsrud Torger Nergård Thomas Due Jan Thoresen Christoffer Svae
2007	Canada	Glenn Howard Richard Hart Brent Laing Craig Savill Steve Bice	Germany	Andy Kapp Uli Kapp Andreas Lang Andreas Kempf Holger Höhne	United States	Todd Birr Bill Todhunter Greg Johnson Kevin Birr Zach Jacobson
2008	Canada	Kevin Martin John Morris Marc Kennedy Ben Hebert Adam Enright	Scotland	David Murdoch Graeme Connal Peter Smith Euan Byers Peter Loudon	Norway	Thomas Ulsrud Torger Nergård Christoffer Svae Havard Vad Petersson Thomas Due
2009	Scotland	David Murdoch Ewan MacDonald Peter Smith Euan Byers Graeme Connal	Canada	Kevin Martin John Morris Marc Kennedy Ben Hebert Terry Meek	Norway	Thomas Ulsrud Torger Nergård Christoffer Svae Havard Vad Petersson Thomas Løvold
2010	Canada	Kevin Koe Blake MacDonald Carter Rycroft Nolan Thiessen Jamie King	Norway	Torger Nergård Thomas Løvold Christoffer Svae Håvard Vad Petersson	Scotland	Warwick Smith David Smith Craig Wilson Ross Hepburn David Murdoch
2011	Canada	Jeff Stoughton Jon Mead Reid Carruthers Steve Gould Garth Smith	Scotland	Tom Brewster Greg Drummond Scott Andrews Michael Goodfellow Duncan Fernie	Sweden	Niklas Edin Sebastian Kraupp Fredrik Lindberg Viktor Kjäll Oskar Eriksson
2012	Canada	Glenn Howard Wayne Middaugh Brent Laing Craig Savill Scott Howard	Scotland	Tom Brewster Greg Drummond Scott Andrews Michael Goodfellow David Edwards	Sweden	Sebastian Kraupp Fredrik Lindberg Oskar Eriksson Viktor Kjäll Niklas Edin
2013	Sweden	Niklas Edin Sebastian Kraupp Fredrik Lindberg Viktor Kjäll Oskar Eriksson	Canada	Brad Jacobs Ryan Fry E. J. Harnden Ryan Harnden Matt Dumontelle	Scotland	David Murdoch Tom Brewster Greg Drummond Scott Andrews Michael Goodfellow
2014	Norway	Thomas Ulsrud Torger Nergård Christoffer Svae Håvard Vad Petersson Markus Høiberg	Sweden	Oskar Eriksson Kristian Lindström Markus Eriksson Christoffer Sundgren Gustav Eskilsson	Switzerland	Peter de Cruz Benoît Schwarz Dominik Märki Valentin Tanner Claudio Pätz
2015	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Kristian Lindström Christoffer Sundgren Henrik Leek	Norway	Thomas Ulsrud Torger Nergård Christoffer Svae Håvard Vad Petersson Markus Høiberg	Canada	Pat Simmons John Morris Carter Rycroft Nolan Thiessen Tom Sallows
2016	Canada	Kevin Koe Marc Kennedy Brent Laing Ben Hebert Scott Pfeifer	Denmark	Rasmus Stjerne Johnny Frederiksen Mikkel Poulsen Troels Harry Oliver Dupont	United States	John Shuster Tyler George Matt Hamilton John Landsteiner Kroy Nernberger
2017	Canada	Brad Gushue Mark Nichols Brett Gallant Geoff Walker Tom Sallows	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Rasmus Wranå Christoffer Sundgren Henrik Leek	Switzerland	Peter de Cruz Benoît Schwarz Claudio Pätz Valentin Tanner Romano Meier
2018	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Rasmus Wranå Christoffer Sundgren Henrik Leek	Canada	Brad Gushue Mark Nichols Brett Gallant Geoff Walker Tom Sallows	Scotland	Bruce Mouat Grant Hardie Bobby Lammie Hammy McMillan Jr. Ross Paterson
2019	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Rasmus Wranå Christoffer Sundgren Daniel Magnusson	Canada	Kevin Koe B. J. Neufeld Colton Flasch Ben Hebert Ted Appelman	Switzerland	Peter de Cruz Benoît Schwarz Sven Michel Valentin Tanner Claudio Pätz
2020	Cancelled[1][2]
2021	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Rasmus Wranå Christoffer Sundgren Daniel Magnusson	Scotland	Bruce Mouat Grant Hardie Bobby Lammie Hammy McMillan Jr. Ross Whyte	Switzerland	Peter de Cruz Benoît Schwarz Sven Michel Valentin Tanner Pablo Lachat
2022	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Rasmus Wranå Christoffer Sundgren Daniel Magnusson	Canada	Brad Gushue Mark Nichols Brett Gallant Geoff Walker E. J. Harnden	Italy	Joël Retornaz Amos Mosaner Sebastiano Arman Simone Gonin Mattia Giovanella
2023	Scotland	Bruce Mouat Grant Hardie Bobby Lammie Hammy McMillan Jr. Kyle Waddell	Canada	Brad Gushue Mark Nichols E. J. Harnden Geoff Walker Ryan Harnden	Switzerland	Yannick Schwaller Benoît Schwarz Sven Michel Pablo Lachat
2024	Sweden	Niklas Edin Oskar Eriksson Rasmus Wranå Christoffer Sundgren Daniel Magnusson	Canada	Brad Gushue Mark Nichols E. J. Harnden Geoff Walker Kyle Doering	Italy	Joël Retornaz Amos Mosaner Sebastiano Arman Mattia Giovanella Francesco De Zanna

All-time medal table

As of 2024 World Championships

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Canada	36	14	7	57
2	Sweden	12	8	7	27
3	Scotland	6	21	9	36
4	United States	4	5	13	22
5	Norway	4	5	9	18
6	Switzerland	3	6	12	21
7	Germany	0	5	5	10
8	Denmark	0	1	2	3
9	Finland	0	0	2	2
	Italy	0	0	2	2
11	France	0	0	1	1
Totals (11 entries)		65	65	69	199

Performance timeline

Nation	1950s	1960s										1970s										1980s
	59	60	61	62	63	64	65	66	67	68	69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88	89
Austria																									9	10
Canada									4							4		9								4
Denmark															10	5	9	10	10	10	10	9	8	8	7	9		8	4	8	6
England																											10		10
Finland																														9
France								7	6	5	7	6	6	7		5	5	7	9	7	9	10	10	10				7	9	7	9
Germany									7	8	6	6	6		8	5	7	8	8	6	4	6	9			5	9	9		6	8
Italy															9	10	10	5	7	7	8	7	7	6	10	8	7	10			7
Norway						5	6	5	5	5	8	5	6	6	7	9	8	6	6				4	5			6	6
Scotland							4							4	4	8	6			5	6	8	6	7	5	7	5		8		5
Sweden				4	4	4		4		4	4		5	8			4	4		4	7	4	5	4	4			4	6	5
Switzerland						6	5	6	8	5	5	6	4	5	5				5	7					8		8	5	7	4
United States												4			6				4		5	5		9	6	6	4		5	10	10
Nation	59	60	61	62	63	64	65	66	67	68	69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88	89
	1950s	1960s										1970s										1980s

Nation	1990s										2000s										2010s										2020s					Years
	90	91	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	21	22	23	24	25
Australia			6	6	10	8	10	7	9							10	9	10	6																	11
Austria													10																						Q	4
Canada								4				4													4						5				Q	66
China																			4	9	11	9	6	6	6	8		5	12	11	14				Q	13
Czech Republic																			12	11		8	12	8	7	9						9	10	9	Q	11
Denmark		8		5	7			5	7	6	5	10	5	6	8	11	8	11	9	7	5	12	7	4	12						11	13				42
England			8			9	6																													5
Finland	8	10	5					10		8		5	5	4		5	5	6		12				12		4	8					11				19
France		9	10	10							9	6			10			7	5	8	9	5	10													32
Germany	10	7	9	9			9		10	7		6		9			10		8	6	7	6	11		8		12	10	13	8	10	7	9	5	Q	53
Ireland																	12																			1
Italy	9						8									12					10					10		9	8	7	7		4		Q	28
Japan											10		9				11			10	12			11	5	6	4	7	11	4	9		7	11	Q	16
Netherlands					7																							11	10	10	12	12		8		7
New Zealand										10		9			7	8							5										13	13		7
Norway	5			6	6	5	4	7	5	5	7				4	4		8				4	4	5			5	8	5	12	8	10	5	10	Q	60
Russia																								10	11	12	10	12	9	9	4					8
Scotland					7				4		8			7	5			9							9	11	7	6		6		5		4	Q	65
South Korea														10				12				11					11		4	13	13	8	12	12	Q	11
Sweden		6	7	6		7	5			9			8	5		9	5	5	10		8						6						5		Q	62
Switzerland	6	5				6		7	8		6		5		6	7	5	4	11	4	6	7	9	7		7	9		7			6		7	Q	61
Turkey																																	11			1
United States	7				5	4	7	6	6	4	4	6	4	8	9	6	4		7	5	4	10	8	9	10	5		4	6	5	5	4	8	6	Q	64
Wales						10																														1
Nation	90	91	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	21	22	23	24	25	Years
	1990s										2000s										2010s										2020s

See also

• List of World Women's Curling Champions
• List of World Mixed Doubles Curling Champions
• List of Olympic medalists in curling
• List of Paralympic medalists in wheelchair curling

Notes

• Bronze medals were only awarded from 1986. Table shows third-place finishers before then.
• 1989–1994: Two bronze medals were awarded.

References

1. The Canadian Press (March 14, 2020). "Men's curling world championship in Scotland cancelled due to COVID-19". The Star. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
2. "LGT World Men's Curling Championship 2020 cancelled in Glasgow, Scotland". World Curling Federation. World Curling Federation. March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2020.