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Frederick Steiwer
Frederick Steiwer
United States Senator; from Oregon
	In office; March 4, 1927 – January 31, 1938
Preceded by	Robert Stanfield
Succeeded by	Alfred Reames
Personal details
Born	October 13, 1883; Jefferson, Oregon, U.S.
Died	February 3, 1939 (aged 55); Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Arlington National Cemetery
Political party	Republican
Spouse	Freida Roesch (1911–1939)
Children	2
Education	Oregon State University (BS); University of Oregon (BA)
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Army
Years of service	1917–1919
Rank	First Lieutenant
Unit	65th Field Artillery Regiment
Battles/wars	World War I

Frederick Steiwer (October 13, 1883 – February 3, 1939) was an American politician and lawyer in the state of Oregon.^[1]

A native of the state, he was county district attorney and member of the Oregon State Senate from eastern Oregon and a veteran of World War I. A Republican, he was elected to the United States Senate and served from 1927 to 1938.^[1] Twice a candidate for the Republican nomination to the presidency, he delivered the keynote address during the 1936 Republican National Convention.^[2]^[3]

Early life

Born in Oregon on a farm near Jefferson in Marion County,^[4] Steiwer's parents were John F. and Ada (née May) Steiwer. He received his education in the local public schools,^[5] and entered Oregon State Agricultural College (now Oregon State University) at Corvallis at age 15 in 1898 and graduated four years later with a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering.^[5] Steiwer then attended the University of Oregon in Eugene where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1906 before attending the school's law school, then located in Portland.^[5]

In 1908, he was admitted to the Oregon State Bar and began practicing law for the Portland firm Snow & McCamant, where he had already been employed.^[5] In March 1909, he left the firm and moved to eastern Oregon where he formed a partnership with G. W. Phelps in Pendleton.^[5] A member of the Masons and a farmer, he also joined the Phi Delta Phi legal fraternity.^[4]^[5]

Political career

Steiwer started his career in public office in 1909 as the deputy district attorney for Umatilla County, serving until 1910.^[4] In 1912, he was elected as the district attorney for the county and served until 1916. That year he was elected to the state senate as a Republican representing Umatilla County and District 20.^[6] Steiwer only served during the 1917 legislative session, resigning to enlist in the U.S. Army during the First World War.^[4] He served from 1917 to 1919 in the Sixty-fifth Field Artillery with rank of first lieutenant.^[4]

In 1926, Steiwer was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate, defeating incumbent Robert Stanfield in the primary.^[4]^[7] He won with only 39% of the vote, running against Democrat and later judge Bert Haney and Stanfield, then running for re-election as an independent.^{[citation needed]} In 1928, he was one of many candidates for the Republican presidential nomination at the National Convention, with Herbert Hoover winning the nomination and then the fall election.^{[citation needed]} At the 1936 Republican National Convention he was the keynote speaker and temporary chairman,^[8] as well as an unsuccessful candidate for the nomination.^[9]^[10] Steiwer was re-elected in 1932 and served from March 4, 1927, until January 31, 1938, when he resigned to return to the practice of law after suffering health problems.^[11] He had undergone gall bladder surgery in November 1936.^[12]

While in the Senate he was chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in Executive Departments (Seventy-second Congress).^[4] He also served on the Senate Judiciary Committee and helped oppose President Roosevelt's plan to pack the Supreme Court.^[13] Steiwer was an opponent of Roosevelt and The New Deal.^[14] In April 1937, he proposed an amendment to the U.S. Constitution to create a nationwide primary for selection of the candidates for the U.S. presidency and vice-presidency.^[15] No amendment was ever passed.

Later years and family

On December 12, 1911, he married Frieda Roesch in Pendleton, and they had two children.^[16] One daughter, named Elizabeth,^[17] had a son who married the daughter of Thomas J. Watson, Jr. of IBM fame.^[18] His uncle was Winlock W. Steiwer, a state senator. Upon leaving the Senate, he returned to the full-time practice of law in Washington, D.C.,^[4] Steiwer died in the District of Columbia at the age of 55 on February 3, 1939,^[4] and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery in neighboring Arlington, Virginia.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b "Fred Steiwer, former U.S. Senator from Oregon, dies in East Friday". Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. February 3, 1939. p. 1.
^ Ferguson, Harry (June 10, 1936). "New Deal rebels wooed by G.O.P." Pittsburgh Press. United Press. p. 1.
^ "'Return to American system,' keynote advises G.O.P." Pittsburgh Press. United Press. June 10, 1936. p. 7.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "Frederick Steiwer". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Colmer, Montagu, and Charles Erskine Scott Wood. 1910. History of the Bench and Bar of Oregon. Portland, Or: Historical Pub. Co. p. 229.
^ "1917 Regular Session (29th)". Oregon State Archives. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
^ "In Oregon". Time. May 31, 1926. Archived from the original on January 31, 2011. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
^ Roth, Bennett (June 22, 1992). "Zeroing in on the Republicans; Getting Ready for the GOP; Keen competition exists to give keynote speech". The Houston Chronicle.
^ "Steiwer Departs With No Bid To Run". New York Times. May 4, 1936. p. 2.
^ "Steiwer Demands State-Run Relief And Ending Of WPA". New York Times. May 3, 1936.
^ "Steiwer, Oregon Republican, Quits Senate; Gov. Martin, Democrat, to Name Successor". The New York Times. January 28, 1938. p. 1.
^ "Steiwer Undergoes Operation". New York Times. November 10, 1936. p. 4.
^ Cushman, Barry (February 1994). "Rethinking the New Deal Court". Virginia Law Review. 80 (1): 201–261, pp. 217–18. doi:10.2307/1073597. JSTOR 1073597.
^ "Republican Chiefs Assail New Deal". New York Times. May 3, 1935.
^ "National Primary Asked by Steiwer". New York Times. April 10, 1937. p. 3.
^ Corning, Howard M. (1989) Dictionary of Oregon History. Binfords & Mort Publishing. p. 234.
^ "Elizabeth Steiwer Wed". New York Times. April 22, 1934. pp. N6.
^ "Jeannette Watson Wed To Ralph McElvenny Jr". New York Times. June 11, 1967. p. 93.

External links

United States Congress. "Frederick Steiwer (id: S000848)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
1936 Keynote speech - Time magazine
Arlington National Cemetery

Party political offices
Preceded by Robert N. Stanfield	Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Oregon (Class 3) 1926, 1932	Succeeded by Alexander G. Barry
Preceded by Lester J. Dickinson	Keynote Speaker of the Republican National Convention 1936	Succeeded by Harold Stassen
U.S. Senate
Preceded by Robert Stanfield	U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Oregon 1927–1938 Served alongside: Charles L. McNary	Succeeded by Alfred Reames
Preceded by Guy D. Goff	Chair of the Senate Executive Expenditures Committee 1931–1933	Succeeded by J. Hamilton Lewis