Cameroon–Turkey relations

Cameroon-Turkey relations
Map indicating locations of Cameroon and Turkey

Cameroon
Turkey

Cameroon–Turkey relations are the foreign relations between Cameroon and Turkey.

Diplomatic relations

Relations were initially tense[1] between Turkey and Cameroon under President Ahidjo,[1] who used the police and security apparatus to eliminate people who were perceived to be his enemies.[1] Relations with Turkey improved considerably with Cameroon under Biya, who attempted to develop a freer and more democratic Cameroon with more freedom of speech and press. During this time, Turkey assisted Cameroon in building schools,[2] which contributed to the fact that relative to many African countries, Cameroon has a much higher proportion[2] of children in school. However, relations worsened after the crackdown on dissent following the 1984 coup attempt.[3]

Following the decline in prices and demand in petroleum, Cameroon's economy which is highly dependent on export of petroleum, deteriorated rapidly. By 1987, Cameroon became a Heavily indebted poor countries, which allowed access to additional funds.[4] Turkey joined the IMF, the World Bank, and other aid-giving countries in providing economic assistance to Cameroon.[5]

Economic relations

  • Trade volume between the two countries was 205 million USD in 2018 (Turkish exports/imports: 151/54 million USD).[6]
  • There are direct flights daily from Istanbul to Douala and Yaoundé.[6]

Educational relations

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Delancey, Mark W. “Ahmadou Ahidjo.” In Political Leaders of Contemporary Africa, ed. Harvey Glickman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1992.
  2. ^ a b Fonkeng, George Epah. The History of Education in Cameroon, 1844–2004. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2007.
  3. ^ Bansekam Cage. “The ‘Anti-gang’ Civil Militias in Cameroon.” In Civil Militia: Africa's Intractable Security Menace? ed. David J. Francis. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2005.
  4. ^ Geschiere, Peter, and Piet Konings, eds. Conference on the Political Economy of Cameroon—Historical Perspectives, Leiden, June 1988. Leiden, Nether- lands: African Studies Centre, 1989.
  5. ^ Gros, Jean-Germaine, ed. Cameroon: Politics and Society in Critical Perspectives. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2003.
  6. ^ a b c "Relations between Turkey and Cameroon". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.

Further reading

  • Adams, Melinda. “‘National Machineries’ and Authoritarian Politics: The Case of Cameroon.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 9, no. 2 (June 2007): pp. 176–97.
  • Agyeman, Opoku. The Failure of Grassroots Pan-Africanism: The Case of the All-African Trade Union Federation. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2003.
  • Bansekam Cage. “The ‘Anti-gang’ Civil Militias in Cameroon.” In Civil Militia: Africa's Intractable Security Menace? ed. David J. Francis. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2005.
  • Campbell, Craig. Blood Diamonds: Tracing the Deadly Path of the World's Most Precious Stones. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 2004.
  • Chan, Stephen. Grasping Africa: A Tale of Achievement and Tragedy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
  • Cutter, Charles H. Africa: The World Today Series. 42nd ed. Harpers Ferry, W.V.: Stryker-Post, 2007.
  • Delancey, Mark W. “Ahmadou Ahidjo.” In Political Leaders of Contemporary Africa, ed. Harvey Glickman. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1992.
  • Dixon, Wheeler Winston, and Gwendolyn Audrey Foster. A Short History of Film. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2008.
  • Duignan, Peter, and Lewis H. Gann. Africa and the World. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1972.
  • Fanso, Verkijika G. “Traditional and Colonial African Boundaries: Concepts and Functions in Inter-Group Relations.” Présence Africaine 137–138 (1986): pp. 58–75.
  • Fonkeng, George Epah. The History of Education in Cameroon, 1844–2004. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2007.
  • French, Howard W. A Continent for the Taking: The Tragedy and Hope of Africa. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004.
  • Geschiere, Peter, and Piet Konings, eds. Conference on the Political Economy of Cameroon—Historical Perspectives, Leiden, June 1988. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre, 1989.
  • Gros, Jean-Germaine, ed. Cameroon: Politics and Society in Critical Perspectives. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2003.
  • Ngoh, Victor J. Cameroon 1884–1985. Yaoundé, Cameroon: Navi, 1988.
  • Nkarey, Jules Sansterre. Afrique: L’histoire entre le Cameroun anglophone et le Cameroun francophone, de 1472 à 2003. Paris: Publibook, 2006.
  • Nugent, Paul. Africa since Independence: A Comparative History. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
  • Tumi, Cardinal Christian Wiyghansai Shaagham. The Political Regime of Ahmadou Ahidjo and Paul Biya, and Christian Tumi, Priest. Douala, Cameroon: MACACOS S.A., 2006.
  • Schwab, Peter. Africa: A Continent Self-Destructs. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.
  • Wright, Stephen. African Foreign Policies. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1998.