Náprstník žlutý

Jak číst taxoboxNáprstník žlutý
alternativní popis obrázku chybí
Náprstník žlutý (Digitalis lutea)
Vědecká klasifikace
Říšerostliny (Plantae)
Podříšecévnaté rostliny (Tracheobionta)
Odděleníkrytosemenné (Magnoliophyta)
Třídavyšší dvouděložné (Rosopsida)
Řádhluchavkotvaré (Lamiales)
Čeleďjitrocelovité (Plantaginaceae)
Rodnáprstník (Digitalis)
Binomické jméno
Digitalis lutea
L.
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Náprstník žlutý[1] (Digitalis lutea) je vytrvalá bylina z čeledi jitrocelovité obsahující jedovaté glykosidy působící na srdce.

Popis

Náprstník žlutý je vytrvalá bylina s přímou a lysou lodyhou vysokou 50–100 cm, která se většinou větví již od báze. Listystřídavé, lesklé, sytě zelené a celokrajné, popřípadě mělce zubaté, přízemní listy jsou krátce řapíkaté. Květenstvím je světle žlutý hrozen se čtyřmi tyčinkami. Postranní laloky dolního pysku jsou vejčité, prostřední lalok je 5–6 mm dlouhý. Kvete od května do července.[2] Plodem je přibližně 1 cm dlouhá, žláznatá tobolka.[3]

Květ náprstníku žlutého zblízka

Výskyt

Náprstník žlutý se jako nominátní poddruh D. l. subsp. lutea vyskytuje v západní části Evropy - od Španělska přes Belgii a Německo až po Rakousko. V jižní části Itálie a na Korsice se vyskytuje poddruh D. l. subsp. australis.[1] Dobře se mu daří v lesích a na jejich okrajích, kolem cest a na křemičitých půdách. V Německu je tento druh chráněn zákonem.[3]

Poddruhy

Náprstník žlutý má 5 poddruhů:[4]

  • D. lutea subsp. atlantica - Maroko[5]
  • D. lutea subsp. australis - Korsika, Itálie, San Marino, Vatikán[6]
  • D. lutea subsp. cedretorum - Maroko[7]
  • D. lutea subsp. lutea - nominátní poddruh; západní a střední Evropa[8]
  • D. lutea subsp. transiens - Maroko[9]

Využití

Všechny části náprstníku žlutého obsahují na srdce působící jedovaté glykosidy, které jsou využívány v lékařství (především digitalin).[10] Pěstuje se také jako okrasný druh, může zplaňovat.[2]

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

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