Gi alfa podjednotka

Gi alfa podjednotka (Gai, nebo Gi/G0 nebo Gi protein) je heterotrimerická pojednotka G proteinu inhibující produkci cAMP z ATP.[1] Mnemotechnická pomůcka pro zapamatování této podjednotky je  (Gai = Adenylyl Cyklázy Inhibitor).

Receptory

Následující receptory spřažené s G proteinem se na něj váže:

  • Acetylcholine M2 & M4 receptors
  • Adenosine A1 & A3 receptors
  • Adrenergic α2A, α2B, & α2C receptors
  • Apelin receptors
  • Calcium-sensing receptor
  • Cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2)
  • Chemokine CXCR4 receptor
  • Dopamine D2, D3, D4
  • GABAB receptor
  • Glutamate mGlu2, mGlu3, mGlu4, mGlu6, mGlu7, & mGlu8 receptors
  • Histamine H3 & H4 receptors
  • Melatonin MT1, MT2, & MT3 receptors
  • Muscarinic M2 receptors
  • Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA2 & HCA3
  • Opioid δ, κ, μ, & nociceptin receptors
  • Prostaglandin EP1, EP3, FP, & TP receptors
  • Serotonin 5-HT1 & 5-HT5 receptors
  • Short chain fatty acid receptors: FFAR2 & FFAR3
  • Somatostatin sst1, sst2, sst3, sst4 & sst5 receptors
  • Trace amine-associated receptor 8

Funkce

G inhibuje cAMP-dependentní dráhy tím, že inhibuje adenylátcyklázu, snižuje produkci cAMP z ATP, což má za následek sníženou aktivitu cAMP-dependentní protein kinázy. Proto konečným efektem je opak cAMP-dependentní protein kinázy.

Typy

Existuje několik typů G: Gia1, Gia2, Gia3 a Gia4

Související články

Reference

  1. Birnbaumer L. Expansion of signal transduction by G proteins. The second 15 years or so: from 3 to 16 alpha subunits plus betagamma dimers. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. April 2007, s. 772–93. DOI 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.12.002. PMID 17258171. 

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