Шыракалістыя лясы

Ясеневы лес у Кнышынскай пушчы, Польшча
Зоны шыракалістых лясоў

Шыракалістыя лясы ўтвораны лістападнымі дрэвамі з шырокімі ліставымі пласцінкамі.

Зоны шыракалістых лясоў умераных паясоў Паўночнага і Паўднёвага паўшар'яў, размешчаныя бліжэй да экватара ад зон мяшаных лясоў (часам разглядаюцца як падзоны ў складзе адзінай лясной зоны ўмераных паясоў). Шыракалістыя лясы найбольш развіты на захадзе Еўразіі, у Паўночнай Амерыцы пашыраны на паўднёвы ўсход ад Вялікіх азёр.

Клімат зоны шыракалістых лясоў умераны, пераважна акіянічны, з халаднаватай зімой (сярэдняя тэмпература студзеня ад 5°С да -15 °С) і адносна працяглым цёплым летам (сярэдняя тэмпература ліпеня да 22°С). Ападкаў 600—1500 мм за год, што прыблізна адпавядае выпаральнасці. Рачная сетка густая, рэкі паўнаводныя.

3 дрэвавых парод пераважаюць віды дуба, бука, клёна, ліпы і інш. (тут трапляюцца і масівы хвойных лясоў, у Паўночным паўшар'і пераважна хваёвых). У Паўднёвай Амерыцы шыракалістыя лясы прадстаўлены невялікім ўчасткамі лясоў з паўднёвага бука.

Літаратура

  • Шыракалістых лясоў зоны // БЭ ў 18 т. Т. 18. Кн. I. Мн., 2004.

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