Тэмпература кіпення

Тэмпература кіпення
Выява
ISQ dimension
Больш за тэмпература плаўлення
Схематычная ілюстрацыя

Тэмпература кіпення, пункт кіпення — тэмпература, пры якой адбываецца кіпенне вадкасці, якая знаходзіцца пад сталым ціскам. Тэмпература кіпення адпавядае тэмпературы насычанага пару над плоскай паверхняй кіпячай вадкасці, бо сама вадкасць заўсёды крыху перагрэтая адносна тэмпературы кіпення.

Згодна з ураўненнем Клапейрона-Клаўзіуса з ростам ціску тэмпература кіпення павялічваецца. Гранічнай тэмпературай кіпення з’яўляецца крытычная тэмпература рэчыва.

Сталасць тэмпературы кіпення

Тэмпература кіпення пры атмасферным ціску прыводзіцца звычайна як адна з асноўных фізіка-хімічных характарыстык хімічна чыстага рэчыва.

Аднак звесткі аб тэмпературы кіпення звышчыстых рэчываў, у прыватнасці такіх арганічных вадкасцей, як эфір і бензол, могуць мець істотныя адрозненні ад звычайных таблічных звестак. Гэта звязана з утварэннем асацыятаў, якія могуць назапашвацца ў вадкасці пры адсутнасці вады, як медыятара ўстанаўлення раўнаважнага стану. Так, звышчысты бензол можа быць падвергнуты фракцыйнай перагонцы ў дыяпазоне 80-118 ° C.

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