Llingües cahuapanas

Llingües cahuapanas
Distribución xeográfica Dto. de Loreto
Países  Perú
Falantes ~14.000[1] (2009)
Filiación xenética Jívaro-cahuapana (?)
Subdivisiones chayahuita
jebero
Ver tamién
Idioma - Families - Clasificación de llingües
[editar datos en Wikidata]

Les llingües cahuapananas o cahuapanas inclúin dos llingües indíxenes de la selva amazónica del norte de Perú, la chayahuita y el jebero. Son falaes por más de 11.300 persones, principalmente chayahuita-parlantes, pos el jébero atopar en peligru d'estinción.

Clasificación

Les llingües cahuapanas pueden clasificase en dos grupos principales:

I. Cayahuita (Balsapuertino, Cahuapa, Shawi, Chayabita, Chayawita, Chayhuita, Tshaahui, Paranapura, Shayabit). 6.000 falantes (1997);[2] 11.400 (2000)[3]
1. Dialeutu chayahuita
2. Dialeutu cahuapana
II. Jébero (Chébero, Xébero, Xíwila). 2.300-3.000 (1997);[2] 2.500 (2006)[4]

Nun ta clara que rellación puede esistir con otres llingües de la rexón. Jorge Suárez propunxo que les llingües cahuapananas xunto coles llingües jivaroanas formaríen la macrofamilia Jívaro-Cahuapana (o Hívaro-Kawapána).

Historia

Los Cayahuitas fueron contactaos per primer vegada polos xesuites. Los Jebero aceptaron la proteición de les misiones dempués de 1638 cuando fueron atacaos polos Mayna, un grupu jivaroano.

Descripción llingüística

Estes llingües tán mal documentaes. A partir d'un conxuntu de frases compiladas por Institutu Llingüísticu de Branu (1979) pueden entesacase delles carauterístiques del Cayahuita, y esiste dende finales de la década de 1980 fixéronse trabayos adicionales, lo que dexó editar un nuevu diccionariu (Hart, 1988) con un curtiu esbozu de gramática. García Tomás (1993–4) editó una coleición de cuatro volúmenes de testos, testimonios, etc.

Comparanza léxica

Los numberales nos dos llingües cahuapanas documentaes son:[5]

GLOSA Cayahuita Jebero PROTO-
CAHUAPANO
'1' a'naʔ
a'naraʔ		 nalaʔ-saʔ *aʔnalaʔ
'2' kahtuʔ
ka̠la toʔ		 kahtuʔ-taʔ *kahtuʔ
'3' kara kala *kala
'4' kahtapini
ka̠htapini		 inkatuʔ
'5' a'natërapuʔ
a'natëra̠puʔ		 aleiʔteklun
'una mano'		 *1 x esquito
'6' (suhta)
(suhta)		 (sukta) ?
'7' (kanchise) (kanchise) ?
'8' (puhsa) (pusaka) ?
'9' (iskun) (iskun) ?
'10' (shunka) (šunkaʔ) ?

Los términos ente paréntesis son préstamos del quechua.

Gramática

Los datos conocíos suxeren que les llingües cahuapanas usen consistentemente un orde sintácticu OV (Oxeto-Verbu).

Referencies

  1. ↑ Ethnologue:Statistical summaries
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Anatole V. Lyovin (1997). An Introduction to the Languages of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, páxs. 340. ISBN 0-19-508116-1.
  3. ↑ Ethnologue report for language code - Chayahuita
  4. ↑ Ethnologue report for language code - Jebero
  5. ↑ Caupanan Numerals

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