Yandruwandha language

Yandruwandha
Native to	Australia
Region	South Australia, Queensland
Ethnicity	Yandruwandha people, Yawarrawarrka
Extinct	since 1973?[1]
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Karnic Karna Yandruwandha
Dialects	Yandruwanhdha Yawarrawarrka Nhirrpi Parlpa-Mardramardra Matja[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Variously: ynd – Yandruwandha yww – Yawarawarga hrp – Nhirrpi
Glottolog	yand1252  Yandruwandhic
AIATSIS[1]	L18
ELP	Yandruwandha
	Yawarrawarrka[3]
	Nhirrpi[4]

Yandruwandha is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Pama–Nyungan family. Yawarawarga is considered a dialect by Dixon (2002), a closely related language by Bowern (2001). It is also known as Yawarrawarrka, Yawarawarka, Yawarawarga, Yawarawarka, Jauraworka, and Jawarawarka).

The traditional language region includes Far Western Queensland around the local government area of the Shire of Diamantina extending into the Outback Communities Authority of South Australia towards Innamincka.^[5]

Phonology

Consonants

		Peripheral		Laminal		Apical
		Labial	Velar	Dental	Palatal	Alveolar	Retroflex
Plosive	voiceless	p	k	t̪	c	t	ʈ
	voiced	b	ɡ	d̪	ɟ	d	ɖ
	trill-release					dʳ	ɖʳ
Nasal		m	ŋ	n̪	ɲ	n	ɳ
Rhotic						r
Lateral	glide			l̪	ʎ	l	ɭ
	prestopped			(ᵈ̪l̪)		(ᵈl)	(^ɖɭ)
Approximant		w			j		ɻ

• Lateral sounds /l̪, l, ɭ/ can also be heard as prestopped [ᵈ̪l̪, ᵈl, ^ɖɭ] when occurring after a stressed vowel.^[6]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Low		a aː

References

1. L18 Yandruwandha at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
2. RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development, p xxxvii
3. Endangered Languages Project data for Yawarrawarrka.
4. Endangered Languages Project data for Nhirrpi.
5. This Wikipedia article incorporates CC BY 4.0 licensed text from: "Yawarrawarrka". Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
6. Breen 2015.

Work cited

• Breen, Gavan (2015). Innamincka talk: a grammar of the Innamincka dialect of Yandruwandha with notes on other dialects. ANU Press. doi:10.26530/OAPEN_611013. hdl:20.500.12657/32422. ISBN 978-1-921934-19-3.