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Winsen
Winsen
Town
	Market street with the Church of Saint Mary
	Flag Coat of arms
	Location of Winsen within Harburg district
	Winsen Winsen
	Coordinates: 53°22′N 10°13′E / 53.367°N 10.217°E
Country	Germany
State	Lower Saxony
District	Harburg
Subdivisions	13 districts
Government
• Mayor (2019–24)	André Wiese (CDU)
Area
• Total	109.55 km2 (42.30 sq mi)
Elevation	5 m (16 ft)
Population (2022-12-31)
• Total	36,295
• Density	330/km2 (860/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	21423
Dialling codes	04171
Vehicle registration	WL
Website	[1]

Winsen (Luhe) (German pronunciation: [ˌvɪnzn̩ ˈluːə] ^ⓘ) is the capital of the district of Harburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the small river Luhe, near its confluence with the Elbe, approx. 25 km southeast of Hamburg, and 20 km northwest of Lüneburg.

History

Winsen was first mentioned in a document of the Diocese of Verden in 1158.^[3] Winsen Castle, first mentioned in 1315,^[4] was built at a crossing over the Luhe to protect the harbour. At the beginning of the 15th century, the Church of Saint Mary was built.

In 1593, Dorothea of Denmark, widow of William the Younger, moved into Winsen Castle and lived there until her death in 1617. During this time, the Marstall (stables) was built. In the Thirty Years' War, Danes invaded the town and burned down about 25 houses.^[5]

On 1 May 1847, Winsen was connected to the Hanover–Hamburg railway of the Royal Hanoverian State Railways.

On 1 July 1972, thirteen previously independent villages, Bahlburg, Borstel, Gehrden, Hoopte, Laßrönne, Luhdorf, Pattensen, Rottorf, Roydorf, Sangenstedt, Scharmbeck, Stöckte and Tönnhausen, were incorporated into the town.

Main sights

Winsen Castle

Winsen Castle was first mentioned explicitly in 1315.^[6] Another document from 1277 indicates that the castle probably already existed at that time.^[7]^[8] The castle served long periods of its history as an administrative building and was the seat of Großvögte, Amtmänner and Landräte. Today, it is the seat of the Amtsgericht; therefore, the rooms are generally not open to the public. In 2008, an exhibition was opened in the castle tower.

Marstall

The Marstall was originally used for horse and carriage. Although a timber beam shows the year 1599, the year of construction is unknown.^[9] Today, the four-story half-timbered building contains the tourist information centre, the public library, the museum of local history and an event room. On the eastern gable, a modern carillon is installed.^[10]

Church of Saint Mary

The construction of the late Gothic hall church started around 1415. The choir was covered in 1437, and the nave in 1465. The church has only one side aisle and the vault of the nave never was finished. In the 1950s, the interior decoration was changed. The colourful windows were designed and produced by Claus Wallner between 1958 and 1966. The altarpiece, the baptismal font and the bronze pulpit plates were made by Fritz Fleer. Friedrich Meinecke, born in Winsen, created the statue of Luther. Like the 62-metre-high neo-Gothic bell tower, it was completed in 1899.^[11]

Blaufärberhaus

The oldest still existing residential house is located in the Luhestraße. The Blaufärberhaus (blue-dyer's house) was built on the Luhe island immediately after the great town fire in 1585. The gable is richly decorated with Renaissance motifs. The building is not open to the public.

Saint George's Chapel

Formerly outside the town, a leprosarium, the St. Georg foundation, was established in 1401.^[12] The chapel was first documented in 1445. The present hospital building was constructed in 1766, and the chapel was built in 1750 and got its current appearance in 1903.

Further buildings

Historic buildings of the old town are situated on the Luhe island, specifically in Deichstraße, Mühlenstraße, Luhestraße, and Kehrwieder.

The Alte Stadtschule (old town school) was erected in Eckermannstraße in 1893 in historicism style. It is the oldest school in Winsen and nowadays a pure primary school. On the upper floor of the main building, there is a historic auditorium that is used for events. On the opposite side of the street, the gym of the MTV Winsen built in 1889 was located. It was destroyed to the ground in a fire in April 2016.^[13] The half-timbered building was the first gymnasium in Winsen.

The historic town hall was built in 1896. The former Amtsschreiberhaus ([scrivener]'s house) was mentioned in a document in 1714. The hotel "Zum Weißen Ross" already existed in 1684. It was the residence of Edwin von Manteuffel, commander of the Prussian Army in Austro-Prussian War, in 1866. The carefully restored Buchengasse, a connection between Rathausstraße and Plankenstraße, invites to linger. The ducal watermill was first mentioned in 1385^[14] and moved to the southern end of the Luhe island (Mühlenstraße) in 1750. The brick facade was added in 1940.

Twin towns – sister cities

Winsen is twinned with:^[15]

Drezdenko, Poland
Fukui Prefecture, Japan
Le Pont-de-Claix, France
Pritzwalk, Germany

Notable people

Johann Peter Eckermann (1792–1854), poet and friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Wilhelm Moritz Keferstein (1833–1870), professor of zoology and comparative anatomy in Göttingen
Rudolf Sievers (1841–1921), businessman, Senator and member of the Reichstag (NLP)
Eduard Schlöbcke (1852–1936), building officer,
Agnes Stavenhagen (1860–1945), born Denninghoff; operatic soprano and chamber singer
Ernst Preczang (1870–1949), author and co-founder of books Gutenberg
Franz Evers (1871–1947), author and editor of the monthly magazine Litterarische Blätter
Willem Fricke (1928–2009), actor
Erich Brüggemann (born 1928), freelance artist, known for marquetry, sculpture, painting, drawing, carpentry
Jürgen Peter Ravens (1932–2012), journalist, newspaper publisher and author
Hans-Peter Voigt (1936–2014), politician (CDU) and member of the German Bundestag
Björn-Hergen Schimpf (born 1943), radio and television presenter
Monika Wörmer-Zimmermann (born 1944), politician (SPD) and Member of Parliament
Marlene Charell (born 1944), dancer, singer and presenter
Hans-Henning Lühr (born 1950), diploma administration-host, politician (SPD), a lawyer and State Council in Bremen
André Wiese (born 1975), politician (CDU), former Member of Parliament, Mayor of Winsen since 2011
Sanny van Heteren (born 1977), actress and director
Birte Gutzki-Heitmann (born 1977), furniture carpenter, politician (SPD), a member of the Hamburg Parliament
Esther Möller (born 1977), athlete
Benjamin Maack (born 1978), journalist and author

References

^ "Verzeichnis der direkt gewählten Bürgermeister/-innen und Landräte/Landrätinnen". Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen. April 2021.
^ "LSN-Online Regionaldatenbank, Tabelle A100001G: Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes, Stand 31. Dezember 2022" (in German). Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen.
^ "1958: Zum 800. Geburtstag wird Winsen Kreissitz". Winsener Anzeiger (in German). Retrieved 2018-11-12.
^ H. Sudendorf, Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande Band I (Hannover 1859), no. 279, document of 28 November 1315
^ "Winsens Geschichte – von 1158 bis heute" (in German). Retrieved 2018-11-12.
^ H. Sudendorf, Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande Band I (Hannover 1859), no. 279, document of 28 November 1315
^ W. F. Volger, Urkundenbuch der Stadt Lüneburg bis zum Jahre 1369 (Hannover 1872), no. 122, document of 10 April 1277
^ Brochure of the tourist information center.
^ Ilona Johannsen: Der Marstall und seine Nutzung, Niedersachsenbuch 2008 Winsen (Luhe), Nieders. Ministerium für Inneres und Sport, pp. 32–33.
^ Ilona Johannsen: Der Marstall und seine Nutzung, Niedersachsenbuch 2008 Winsen (Luhe), Nieders. Ministerium für Inneres und Sport, pp. 32–40.
^ Kurt Schoop: Geschichte der Winsener Kirchtürme in: Winsener Geschichtsblätter, no. 11, 1930, p. 41 sq.
^ Uta Reinhardt: Lüneburger Testamente des Mittelalters 1323 bis 1500, Hanover 1996, no. 58, p. 85. Explicitly mentioned as leprosarium in: Lüneburger Testamente no. 103 on 4 February 1414.
^ Buchheister, Sara (2016-04-10). "Flüchtlingsunterkunft in Winsen steht in Flammen". Kreiszeitung Wochenblatt. Retrieved 2016-04-10.
^ Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein, Urk.-Abt. 121 no. 93 on 10 March 1385; Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein, Urk.-Abt. 121 no. 95 on 24 June 1402.
^ "Winsens Partnerstädte". winsen.de (in German). Winsen (Luhe). Retrieved 2021-02-14.