The original Italianate style railway station on the East side of the line at Three Bridges was opened in July 1841 by the London and Brighton Railway at a point next to their proposed branch to Horsham. It was designed by the architect David Mocatta, and was one of a series of standardised modular buildings used by the railway.[1] This building was demolished 5 May 1985.[2] Mocatta's plans for the station indicate that it was originally going to be known as "Crawley"[3] but according to The London and Brighton railway guide, of 1841 and the 1846 timetable it was named "Three Bridges" from the time it was opened.[4]
Enlargement
The London and Brighton Railway merged with others to become the London Brighton and South Coast Railway in 1846, and the branch to Horsham was opened two years later. Three Bridges was enlarged in July 1855 with the construction of a branch line to East Grinstead and again enlarged in 1906/9 at the time of the quadrupling of the main line. The present ticket office was then built on the west side of the line and new platforms and station buildings for the new lines.
Electrification
Three Bridges was a key site for the electrification scheme for the Brighton main line during 1932/33, housing the control room for the scheme, and was one of three locations where current was taken from the national network and transmitted to substations.[5]Electric multiple unit trains began to run between London and Three Bridges on 17 July 1932. The line was electrified throughout on 30 December.[6] At the same time the practice of using "slip coaches" for East Grinstead at Three Bridges from expresses bound for the south coast was abandoned by the Southern Railway.[7] The line from Three Bridges to Horsham was electrified in May 1938.[8] The single-track branch line to East Grinstead was never electrified. It remained steam operated, using tank locomotives of the M7 and H classes hauling push–pull trains. After the end of steam operation in 1964, it was then briefly operated by diesel-electric multiple units of British Rail Class 205 but closed on 2 January 1967.
Accidents
There have been five recorded accidents at Three Bridges station, the first two of which were relatively minor and involved no injuries. On 12 April 1858 an engine collided with passenger carriages, and on 18 October 1863 an excursion train hit the buffer stops. Two members of station staff died on 13 December 1868 from an explosion of naphtha in a truck of a goods train.[9] On 10 January 1923, shunter Frederick Harmer aged 23, was at work when he slipped from boarding that was covering signal wires. Harmer fell onto the buffer of a wagon and was crushed fatally.[10] On 28 January 1933 an electric train crashed into the back of a steam freight train waiting at the signal box. The driver of the electric train and the guard of the freight train were both seriously injured.[11]
Recent history
In 2021, a tactile map was installed, in collaboration with the Royal National Institute of Blind People, to help blind and partially sighted passengers navigate the station.[12]
Brighton Belle (right) passing auto-train in 1958
Rail bridge at Three Bridges Railway Station
Three Bridges Railway Station, viewed from the A2220
Related rail facilities
Locomotive depot and goods yard
Three Bridges Locomotive Depot, 11 December 1948, before the roof was repaired
An engine shed was opened in July 1848 on a site to the west of the station. This was closed in 1909 to make way for the enlargement of the station and a new depot was established in the fork between the Brighton and Horsham lines in 1911, which remained open until June 1964.
In 2010 Network Rail selected Three Bridges as its preferred site for a signalling centre for trains operating in the southeast of England, being central to the London, Brighton, and future Thameslink services, and with no major negative planning issues.[16] A 1.7 ha (4.2-acre) site 0.5 mi (0.80 km) south of Three Bridges station was selected, located in the "fork" between the Arun Valley Line and Brighton Main Line(51°06′44″N0°09′47″W / 51.1123°N 0.1631°W / 51.1123; -0.1631 (Three Bridges railway operating centre)); the centre was located east of a DB Schenker rail depot, and east of depot facilities for the Thameslink rolling stock programme trains, which was under planning development at the same time.[17][18] The operating centre build was designed as a 71.45 by 34.8 m (234.4 by 114.2 ft) three-storey building with 6,980 m2 (75,100 sq ft) of floorspace, providing railway operational, administrative and training facilities. Equipment was primarily on the ground floor, with the operation rooms on first and second floors.[19]
In December 2011, Network Rail began construction of a rail operating centre at Three Bridges, one of 14 countrywide intended to replace several hundred signalboxes; the Three Bridges centre was built to control rail operations in the Sussex area. The facility was constructed by C. Spencer Ltd, and was expected to employ around 600 people, with a 900-person net job benefit once complete.[20][21] The facility was officially opened in January 2014, with the last section of London Bridge Area Signalling Centre moving to the Three Bridges site in 2020.[22]
In 2009 Network Rail submitted a planning application for a rolling stock depot including a three road shed for trains to be procured under the Thameslink rolling stock programme; rejection of the plans for a sister depot at Hornsey resulted in modified plans being submitted in 2011, with the Three Bridges depot expanded to a five-road shed with additional stabling and facilities. The depot was opened in October 2015.[23]
2 tph to Bognor Regis and Portsmouth Harbour, dividing at Horsham
On Sundays, the services to London Victoria and Cambridge reduce to hourly. The service from Horsham to Peterborough does not run, but instead one of the Bedford trains ordinarily terminating at Three Bridges is extended to Horsham.
During the night, the station is served by a half-hourly Thameslink service to Bedford (not calling at London Bridge). This service runs on Sunday-Friday nights with an hourly Southern service to London Victoria on Saturday nights.
^Times, Railway (1841). "The London and Brighton railway guide, containing a correct description of the railway, historical and topographical notices of the places contiguous to the various stations, 1841". Lse Selected Pamphlets. JSTOR60240078..
^Moody, G.T. (1968). Southern Electric 1909-1968. Ian Allan. p. 53.
