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The Boston Strangler
The Boston Strangler
	Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Richard Fleischer
Screenplay by	Edward Anhalt
Based on	The Boston Strangler; by Gerold Frank
Produced by	Robert Fryer
Starring	Tony Curtis; Henry Fonda; George Kennedy; Mike Kellin; Murray Hamilton;
Cinematography	Richard H. Kline
Edited by	Marion Rothman
Music by	Lionel Newman
Distributed by	20th Century Fox
Release date	October 16, 1968;
Running time	116 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$4.1 million
Box office	$17.8 million

The Boston Strangler is a 1968 American biographical crime thriller film directed by Richard Fleischer, based on the true story of the Boston Strangler and the 1966 non-fiction book of the same name by Gerold Frank.^[3] It stars Tony Curtis as Albert DeSalvo, the man who eventually confessed to being the Strangler, Henry Fonda and George Kennedy as the lead investigators, and Sally Kellerman as one of the strangler's surviving victims.^[4] The cast also features Mike Kellin, Murray Hamilton, Hurd Hatfield, Jeff Corey, William Marshall, George Voskovec and William Hickey.

The film was one of three directed by Fleischer, which were based on real-life murder cases— Compulsion (1959), based on the Leopold and Loeb case; and 10 Rillington Place (1971), based on John Christie. It posits DeSalvo—the suspect who confessed to being the Strangler while in police custody—as being the perpetrator, and suffering from dissociative identity disorder (DID). In reality, the validity of DeSalvo’s confession was disputed and later recanted, and he was never diagnosed with DID.

The Boston Strangler was released in the United States on October 16, 1968, by 20th Century Fox. It was a box-office success, grossing over $17 million, but received mixed reviews from critics, with several deriding it as an exploitation film that featured a number of inaccuracies in its depiction of the actual crimes and of DeSalvo. Curtis was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama for his performance.

Plot

After three murders of elderly women, the victims being strangled and penetrated with foreign objects, the Boston police conclude that they have a serial killer to catch. As the murders stretch over several police jurisdictions, Massachusetts Attorney General Edward W. Brooke appoints John S. Bottomly as head of a "Strangler Bureau" to coordinate the investigation. Several suspects are interrogated and released.

As the body count grows, Bottomly, in desperation, calls in a psychic, Peter Hurkos, who pinpoints Eugene T. O'Rourke, a man who seems to fit the profile. The severely masochistic O'Rourke is taken in for psychiatric observation for ten days but nothing implicates him in the murders. Another murder is committed while O'Rourke is under observation, clearing him of suspicion.

While the 1963 funeral of John F. Kennedy is on television, Albert DeSalvo leaves his wife and children, under the pretext of work. He gains entry into the apartment of a woman, Dianne Cluny, by posing as a plumber sent by the building supervisor. He attacks her, tying her to her bed with rags ripped from her dress. DeSalvo is taken aback by the sight of himself in a mirror as he tries to subdue Dianne and she struggles free and bites his hand; DeSalvo flees.

He tries to enter the apartment of another woman, only to find that her husband is home. DeSalvo is apprehended by a passing police patrol. Found incompetent to stand trial for attempted breaking and entering, he is committed to a hospital for psychiatric observation. By chance, Bottomly and Detective Phil DiNatale pass by DeSalvo in an elevator, where they had been visiting Dianne, who survived the earlier attack. Observing the wound on DeSalvo's hand (Dianne, who survived his attack, could remember biting him but not his appearance), the pair make him a suspect for the Boston Strangler murders.

Conventional interrogation is ineffective because the treating physician thinks that DeSalvo suffers from a split personality: he has two identities that are unaware of each other. His "normal" personality fabricates memories in place of the memories of murder committed by the "strangler" personality. The treating physician thinks that DeSalvo could be made to confront the facts but that the shock risks putting him in a catatonic state. Bottomly expresses the opinion that catatonia would be the second-best thing to a conviction.

Under the condition, imposed by DeSalvo's defense counsel, that none of what comes to light is admissible evidence in court, Bottomly is allowed a final round of interviews with DeSalvo. After several sessions, Bottomly manages to reveal DeSalvo's hidden personality to himself. Reeling from the shock, DeSalvo slips into a catatonic state.

Cast

Tony Curtis as Albert DeSalvo
Henry Fonda as John S. Bottomly
George Kennedy as Phil DiNatale
Mike Kellin as Julian Soshnick
Hurd Hatfield as Terence Huntley
Murray Hamilton as Frank McAfee
Jeff Corey as John Asgeirsson
Sally Kellerman as Dianne Cluny
William Marshall as Edward W. Brooke
George Voskovec as Peter Hurkos
Leora Dana as Mary Bottomly
Carolyn Conwell as Irmgard DeSalvo
David Lewis as Judge Schroeder
Jeanne Cooper as Cloe
Austin Willis as Dr. Nagy
Lara Lindsay as Bobbie Eden
William Hickey as Eugene T. O'Rourke
George Furth as Lyonel Brumley
Carole Shelley as Dana Banks
Gwyda Donhow as Alice Oakville
Richard X. Slattery as Capt. Ed Willis
James Brolin as Detective Sgt. Phil Lisi
Dana Elcar as Luis Schubert
Almira Sessions as Emma Hodak
Arthur Hanson as Police Commissioner Edmund McNamara
David Lewis as Judge Schroeder

Production

Film rights to Frank's book were bought for $250,000 (equivalent to $2.35 million in 2023).^{[citation needed]} Terence Rattigan was hired to do the script but the producer was unhappy with it. Edward Anhalt was then brought in.^[5] Director Richard Fleischer got the job based on his work on Compulsion, a dramatization of the Leopold and Loeb murders.

Filming took place on-location in Boston and at 20th Century Fox studios in Los Angeles. Due to the subject matter, many individuals and agencies in Boston were unsupportive of the film's production. According to a 1968 Philadelphia Inquirer article:

"Boston Police Commissioner Edward McNamara insists it would be highly improper to cooperate with the filmmakers in a story about murder rampage which hasn't been officially resolved....[Producer] Fryer asked for permission to use Boston policecars. The answer was no. A letter from Commissioner McNamara also made it plain that police personnel would not be authorized to work as extras on the film, a practice that had been approved in two other pictures that went on location in Boston last year. Another request to bring cameras into police headquarters for one scene was deleted. Fryer couldn't even get permission to take still photos of the offices of the attorney general and the local police commissioner so that they could at least be reproduced back at the studio in Hollywood. Not a soul was willing to cooperate, not even local hospitals. One scene required Fonda to walk out of a hospital....'We asked for permission at two hospitals, Massachusetts General and Beth Israel,' Fryer complained, 'Both turned us down.'"^[6]

Historical accuracy

The film posits Albert DeSalvo as the Strangler, and depicts him as suffering from a dissociative identity disorder (DID), only confessing to the murders after John S. Bottomly induces his alternate personality. While the real DeSalvo’s attorney, F. Lee Bailey, did attempt to mount an insanity defense, it was never suggested by him or the prosecution that DeSalvo suffered from DID, and he was never diagnosed as such.^[7] DeSalvo did confess to the murders while under hypnosis (without Bottomly) and without hypnosis (with Bottomly), and was incarcerated at a mental hospital after his conviction. DeSalvo would later recant both confessions.

His actual guilt remains a source of controversy, he was never prosecuted for the Strangler murders, but on separate charges of sexual assault and robbery. A 2013 DNA test definitively linked to him to at least one of the Stranger’s victims - Mary Ann Sullivan.^[8]

“Dianne Cluny” is a composite character, based partly on the “Green Man” victim who identified DeSalvo to authorities.^[9]

Release

Box office

According to 20th Century Fox records, the film required $8,625,000 in rentals to break even and by December 11, 1970, it had made $11,125,000, so it made a profit to the studio.^[10]

Critical response

Film critic Roger Ebert gave three stars out of four but criticized the film's content:

The Boston Strangler requires a judgment not only on the quality of the film (very good), but also on its moral and ethical implications.... The events described in Frank's book have been altered considerably in the film. This is essentially a work of fiction 'based' on the real events. And based on them in such a way to entertain us, which it does, but for the wrong reasons, I believe. This film, which was made so well, should not have been made at all.^[3]

In the same vein, The New York Times film critic Renata Adler wrote:

The Boston Strangler represents an incredible collapse of taste, judgment, decency, prose, insight, journalism and movie technique, and yet—through certain prurient options that it does not take—it is not quite the popular exploitation film that one might think. It is as though someone had gone out to do a serious piece of reporting and come up with 4,000 clippings from a sensationalist tabloid. It has no depth, no timing, no facts of any interest and yet, without any hesitation, it uses the name and pretends to report the story of a living man, who was neither convicted nor indicted for the crimes it ascribes to him. Tony Curtis 'stars'—the program credits word—as what the movie takes to be the Boston strangler.^[11]

In 2004, film critic Dennis Schwartz discussed the film's style:

What mostly filled the split-screen was the many interrogation scenes, where on one side was the suspect and interrogator in the present and on the other side the suspect and his interrogator in flashbacks. Fleischer eschews the graphic violence in the murders and aims instead to try to understand the killer through the script's bogus psychology. The big things the film tried didn't pan out as that interesting, as the flashy camera work counteracts the conventional storyline chronicling the rise, manhunt, fall, and prosecution of De Salvo.^[12]

Japanese filmmaker Kiyoshi Kurosawa has called The Boston Strangler one of his favorite films. “There is no other work that so vividly shows how accurate cinematic expression is. Maybe it has something to do with how fast it moves. I learned a lot from this film. But I think this can only be done by a genius.”^[13]

Accolades

Institution	Category	Nominee	Result	Ref.
American Cinema Editors	Best Edited Feature Film	Marion Rothman	Won	^[14]
Golden Globe Awards	Best Motion Picture Actor - Drama	Tony Curtis	Nominated	^[15]
Edgar Awards	Best Motion Picture Screenplay	Edward Anhalt	Won

Home media

20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the film on DVD in 2004.^[16] Twilight Time released a limited edition Blu-ray on November 15, 2016.^[17]

References

^ Solomon 1989, p. 255.
^ "The Boston Strangler". The Numbers. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
^ ^a ^b Ebert, Roger (October 22, 1968). "The Boston Strangler". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019 – via RogerEbert.com.
^ "The Boston Strangler". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
^ Dunne 1969, pp. 23–24.
^ Lewis, Dan (March 3, 1968). "'Strangler' film company meets opposition in Boston". The Philadelphia Inquirer.
^ Ferrarin, Elena. "Did an Abusive Childhood Turn Albert DeSalvo Into the 'Boston Strangler' Serial Killer?". A&E. Retrieved 2024-12-07.
^ DNA confirms Albert DeSalvo's link to 'Boston Strangler' killing of Mary Sullivan: authorities. NY Daily News archive, retrieved October 17, 2015.
^ "Who was the Boston Strangler?". HuffPost. 2016-05-25.
^ Silverman 1988, p. 327.
^ Adler, Ranata (October 17, 1968). "Screen: 'The Boston Strangler' Opens:Movie Is Taken From Gerold Frank's Book Curtis in Title Role of Film at 3 Theaters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 22, 2022.
^ Schwartz, Dennis (August 5, 2019). "The Boston Strangler". Dennis Schwartz Movie Reviews. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
^ "In the Cinéma Club of... Kiyoshi Kurosawa". Le Cinéma Club. Retrieved 2024-12-07.
^ Smith 1971, p. 67.
^ "Tony Curtis". Golden Globe Awards. Archived from the original on June 10, 2023.
^ Erickson, Glenn (September 17, 2004). "DVD Savant Review: The Boston Strangler". DVD Talk. Archived from the original on June 10, 2023.
^ "The Boston Strangler Blu-ray (Limited Edition to 3000)". Blu-ray.com. Archived from the original on June 10, 2023.

Sources

Dunne, John Gregory (1969). The Studio. New York City, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. p. 23-24. ISBN 978-0-491-00344-5.
Silverman, Stephen M (1988). The Fox That Got Away: The Last Days of the Zanuck Dynasty at Twentieth Century-Fox. New York City, New York: L. Stuart. ISBN 978-0-818-40485-6.
Smith, Frederick Y., ed. (1971). American Cinema Editors, Inc: ACE Second Decade Anniversary Book. American Cinema Editors, Incorporated. OCLC 658631.
Solomon, Aubrey (1989). Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4244-1.