States of South Sudan

States of South Sudan
Category	Federated state
Location	South Sudan
Number	10 states 2 administrative areas 1 area with special administrative status
Government	State government
Subdivisions	County

The States of South Sudan were created out of the three historic former provinces (and contemporary regions) of Bahr el Ghazal (northwest), Equatoria (southern), and Greater Upper Nile (northeast). The states are further divided into 79 counties.

In October 2015, South Sudan's President Salva Kiir Mayardit issued a decree establishing 28 states in place of the 10 that was previously established.^[1] The decree established the new states largely along ethnic lines.^{[citation needed]} A number^[who?] of opposition parties challenged the constitutionality of this decree and the decree was referred to parliament for approval as a constitutional amendment.^[2] In November, the South Sudanese parliament approved the creation of the new states.^[3] In January 2017, President Salva Kiir stated a decreed of further subdivision of the country from 28 into 32 states.^[4]

In February 2020, as a result of a peace agreement that ended the South Sudanese Civil War, the country returned to the original 10 states plus two administrative areas, Greater Pibor and Ruweng, and the special administrative status area of Abyei.^[5][6][7]

As a result of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in 2005, the Abyei Area is considered to be simultaneously part of the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, effectively a condominium. The Kafia Kingi area is disputed between South Sudan and Sudan and the Ilemi Triangle is disputed between South Sudan and Kenya.

Ten states and three areas (2020–present)

The administrative subdivisions of South Sudan grouped in the three historical provinces of:

  Bahr el Ghazal

  Equatoria

  Greater Upper Nile

Under the terms of a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020, South Sudan is divided into ten states, two administrative areas and one area with special administrative status.^[8] The states and administrative areas are grouped into the three former historical provinces of the Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal, Equatoria, Greater Upper Nile. Each state is headed by a Governor and administrative areas are led by Chief Administrators.

Flag	State or area	Capital	Governor or Chief Administrator	Population (2010)[9]	Area (km^2)[9]	Density (/km^2)	Region
	Northern Bahr el Ghazal	Aweil	Tong Aken Ngor	820,834	30,543.30	26.87	Bahr el Ghazal
	Western Bahr el Ghazal	Wau	Sarah Cleto Rial	358,692	91,075.95	3.94	Bahr el Ghazal
	Lakes	Rumbek	Rin Tueny Mabor[10]	782,504	43,595.08	17.95	Bahr el Ghazal
	Warrap	Kuajok	Gen. Kuol Muor Muor[11]	1,044,217	45,567.24	22.92	Bahr el Ghazal
	Western Equatoria	Yambio	Alfred Futiyu	658,863	79,342.66	8.30	Equatoria
	Central Equatoria	Juba	Emmanuel Adil Anthony	1,193,130	43,033.00	27.73	Equatoria
	Eastern Equatoria	Torit	Louis Lobong Lojore	962,719	73,472.01	13.10	Equatoria
	Jonglei	Bor	Denay Jock Chagor	1,228,824	80,926.00	TBD	Greater Upper Nile
	Unity	Bentiu	Joseph Monytuil	399,105	37,836.39	22.79	Greater Upper Nile
	Upper Nile	Malakal	Budhok Ayang Kur[12]	1,013,629	77,283.42	13.12	Greater Upper Nile
	Abyei Area	Abyei	Kuol Deim Kuol	124,390	10,546.00	TBD	Bahr el Ghazal
	Greater Pibor Area	Pibor	Lokali Amae Bullen[13]	214,676	41,962.00	TBD	Greater Upper Nile
	Ruweng Area	Pariang	Stefano Wieu Mialek[14]	246,360	TBD	TBD	Greater Upper Nile

32 states (2017–2020)

The 32 states of South Sudan grouped in the three historical provinces of the Sudan

  Bahr el Ghazal

  Equatoria

  Greater Upper Nile

On 14 January 2017, President Kiir issued a presidential decree that increased the number of federal states from 28 to 32.

• The now defunct Eastern Nile State was split into 2 individual states, Central Upper Nile State with Malakal as its capital city and Northern Upper Nile State with Renk as its capital city.
• Akobo State was formed and split from Bieh State, with Akobo as its capital. It comprises Akobo county in the Greater Upper Nile Region.
• Maiwut State was formed and split from Latjoor State in the Greater Upper Nile Region retaining Koma, Longuchuk, and Maiwut counties.
• Tambura State was formed and split from Gbudwe State, with Tambura as its capital. It comprises Tambura and Nagero counties in the Equatoria Region.

List

The 32 states were as follows:^[15]

State	Counties	Capital	Last Governor	Appt. to Office Date	Refs	Former State
Greater Upper Nile Region (13 States)
Akobo State	Akobo	Akobo	Johnson Gony Bilieu			Jonglei
Bieh State	Uror Nyirol	Waat	Moses Majiok Gatluak			Jonglei
Boma State	Pochalla Pibor	Pibor	Sultan Ismail Konyi			Jonglei
Fangak State	Ayod Fangak	Ayod	James Kok Ruea			Jonglei
Jonglei State	Bor Twic East Duk	Bor	Philip Agwer Panyang			Jonglei
Northern Liech State	Mayom Koch Rubkona Guit	Bentiu	Joseph Nguen Monytuil			Unity
Ruweng State	Panriang Abiemnhom	Panriang	Thiaji de-Dut Deng			Unity
Southern Liech State	Mayendit Leer Panyijiar	Leer	Teker Riek Dong			Unity
Central Upper Nile State	Akoka Pigi Baliet Panyikang	Malakal	James Tor Monybuny			Upper Nile
Fashoda State	Kodok Manyo	Kodok	Johnson Olony			Upper Nile
Latjor State	Ulang Nasir	Nasir	Peter Gatkuoth Khor			Upper Nile
Maiwut State	Longchuk Koma Maiwut	Maiwut	Bol Ruach Rom			Upper Nile
Northern Upper Nile State	Renk Maban Melut	Renk	Deng Akoi Gak			Upper Nile
Bahr El Ghazal Region (10 States)
Eastern Lakes State	Yirol East Yirol West Awerial	Yirol	Ring Tueny Mabor		Ring Tueny Mabor	Lakes
Gok State	Cueibet	Cueibet	Madang Majok Meen		Madang Majok Meen	Lakes
Western Lakes State	Rumbek North Rumbek East Rumbek Center Wulu	Rumbek	Abraham Makoi Bol		Abraham Makoi Bol	Lakes
Aweil East State	Aweil East	Wanjok	Deng Deng Akuei		Deng Deng Akuei	North Bahr el Ghazal
Aweil State	Aweil South Aweil Center	Aweil	Ronald Ruai Deng		Ronald Ruai Deng	North Bahr el Ghazal
Gogrial State	Gogrial West Gogrial East	Kuacjok	Abraham Gum Makuach		Gregory Deng Kuach Aduol	Warrap
Tonj State	Tonj North Tonj East Tonj South	Tonj	Akech Tong Aleu		Akech Tong Aleu	Warrap
Twic State	Twic	Mayen-Abun	Bona Pariek Biar		Kon Manyiel Kuol	Warrap
Lol State	Raja Aweil North Aweil West	Raja	Rizik Zachariah Hassan		Rizik Zachariah Hassan	West Bahr el Ghazal
Wau State	Jur River Bagari	Wau	Elias Waya Nyipouch		Andrea Mayar Achor	West Bahr el Ghazal
Equatoria Region (9 States)
Jubek State	Juba^*	Juba	Augustino Jadalla Wani		Augustino Jadalla Wani	Central Equatoria
Terekeka State	Terekeka Jemeiza Gwor Tali Tigor	Terekeka	Juma Ali Malou		Juma Ali Malou	Central Equatoria
Yei River State	Yei Lainya Morobo Kajo Keji	Yei	David Lokonga Moses		David Lokonga Moses	Central Equatoria
Imatong State	Lopa Torit Ikotos Magwi	Torit	Natisio Loluke Manir		Natisio Loluke Manir	East Equatoria
Kapoeta State	Kapoeta North Kapoeta East Kapoeta South Budi	Kapoeta	Louise Lobong Lojore		Louise Lobong Lojore	East Equatoria
Amadi State	Mvolo Mundri West Mundri East	Mundri	Joseph Pachiko		Joseph Pachiko	West Equatoria
Gbudwe State	Yambio Ezo Anzara	Yambio	Patrick Raphael Zamoi		Badagu Daniel Remposa	West Equatoria
Maridi State	Maridi Ibba	Maridi	Africano Monday		Africano Monday	West Equatoria
Tambura State	Tambura Nagero	Tambura	Patrick Raphael Zamoi		Patrick Raphael Zamoi	West Equatoria

Note:

^* - includes Bari, Lokoya and Nyangwara communities

28 states (2015–2017)

The 28 states of South Sudan grouped in the three historical provinces of the Sudan

  Bahr el Ghazal

  Equatoria

  Greater Upper Nile

Bahr el Ghazal Aweil Aweil East Eastern Lakes Gogrial Gok Lol Tonj Twic Wau Western Lakes

Equatoria Amadi Gbudwe Imatong Jubek^1 Maridi Namorunyang Terekeka Yei River

Greater Upper Nile Boma Bieh^2 Eastern Nile Jonglei Latjoor Northern Liech Ruweng Southern Liech Fangak^3 Fashoda^4

1. – containing the national capital city of Juba
2. – earlier called Eastern Bieh
3. – earlier called Western Bieh
4. – earlier called Western Nile

10 states (2011–2015)

The former ten states of South Sudan grouped in the three historical provinces of the Sudan

  Bahr el Ghazal

  Equatoria

  Greater Upper Nile

Flag	State	Capital	Population (2010)[9]	Area (km^2)[9]	Density (/km^2)	Region
	Northern Bahr el Ghazal	Aweil	820,834	30,543.30	26.87	Bahr el Ghazal
	Western Bahr el Ghazal	Wau	358,692	91,075.95	3.94	Bahr el Ghazal
	Lakes	Rumbek	782,504	43,595.08	17.95	Bahr el Ghazal
	Warrap	Kuajok	1,044,217	45,567.24	22.92	Bahr el Ghazal
	Western Equatoria	Yambio	658,863	79,342.66	8.30	Equatoria
	Central Equatoria	Juba	1,193,130	43,033.00	27.73	Equatoria
	Eastern Equatoria	Torit	962,719	73,472.01	13.10	Equatoria
	Jonglei	Bor	1,443,500	122,580.83	11.78	Greater Upper Nile
	Unity	Bentiu	645,465	37,836.39	17.06	Greater Upper Nile
	Upper Nile	Malakal	1,013,629	77,283.42	13.12	Greater Upper Nile
	South Sudan	Juba	8,923,553	644,329.37	13.85

SPLM-IO declaration

21 States of South Sudan as declared by the SPLM-IO

On 22 December 2014, leader of the SPLM-IO and former vice president Riek Machar declared the 10 states of South Sudan dissolved and the formation of 21 new states in a federal system. The declaration was not recognised by the South Sudanese government.^[16] The Sudan Tribune reported on 1 January 2015 that Machar appointed "military governors" for several of his declared states.^[17] These states became defunct when the SPLM-IO joined the unity government formed by the R-ARCSS in February 2020.

See also

• List of states of South Sudan by Human Development Index
• List of current state governors in South Sudan
• ISO 3166-2:SS
• States of Sudan

References

1. "Kiir and Makuei want 28 states in South Sudan". Radio Tamazuj. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015.
2. "Kiir pressured into taking decree to parliament for approval". Radio Tamazuj. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
3. "South Sudan's Kiir appoints governors of 28 new states". Sudan Tribune.
4. "South Sudanese President creates four more states – Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
5. "South Sudan Kiir agrees to re-establish the 10 states - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. 12 May 2011. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
6. "Kiir agrees to relinquish controversial 32 states". Radio Tamazuj. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
7. @dekuekd (15 February 2020). "So it has been decided that..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
8. "After 6 years of war, will peace finally come to South Sudan?".
9. "Statistical Yearbook for Southern Sudan 2010" (PDF). Southern Sudan Centre for Census, Statistics and Evaluation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
10. "South Sudan's Kiir sacks Lakes state governor". 8 June 2021.^{[permanent dead link]}
11. Nhial, Cham (27 November 2023). "president-kiir-relieves-three-ministers-warrap-governor/". Eye Radio. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
12. "Budhok Ayang Kur appointed Governor of Upper Nile state". South Sudan FP. 29 January 2021. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
13. "New Pibor chief administrator vows to restore peace, security". Radio Tamazuj. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
14. "South Sudan's Kiir sacks Ruweng chief administrator". 6 June 2022. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
15. "The 32 Federal States of the Republic of South Sudan". paanluelwel.com. 22 January 2017.
16. "Uganda: Citizens in Uganda Welcome Rebel Formation of 21 States". allAfrica.com. 7 January 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2015.
17. "South Sudan: Machar Appoints Top Rebel Command, State Governors". allAfrica.com. 1 January 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2015.

External links

• "States of South Sudan". Statoids.
• South Sudan States Map