List of shoguns

This article is a list of shoguns that ruled Japan intermittently, as hereditary military dictators,[1] from the beginning of the Asuka period in 709 until the end of the Tokugawa shogunate in 1868.[a]

Asuka / Heian periods (709–1184)

Main articles: Asuka period and Heian period

Note: there are different shogun titles. For example, Kose no Maro had the title of Mutsu Chintō Shōgun (陸奥鎮東将軍, lit. "Great General of Subduing Mutsu"). Ki no Kosami had the title of Seitō Taishōgun (征東大将軍, lit. "Commander-in-chief for the pacification of the East") [5] in 789 which is less important than Sei-i Taishōgun. Ōtomo no Otomaro was the first person who was granted the title of Seii Taishōgun (征夷大将軍, lit. "Great appeasing general of the barbarians"). Sakanoue no Tamuramaro was the second, and Minamoto no Yoritomo was third person who had the title of Sei-i Taishōgun.

No. Portrait Name
(birth–death) 		Shogun from Shogun until
1 Kose no Maro
 709
2 Tajihi no Agatamori
 720 721
3 Ōtomo no Yakamochi
(c. 718–785) 		784 785
4 Ki no Kosami
 788 789
5 Ōtomo no Otomaro
(731–809) 		793 794
6 Sakanoue no Tamuramaro
(758–811) 		797 808
7 Funya no Watamaro
(765–823) 		811 816
8 Fujiwara no Tadabumi
(873–947) 		940
9 Minamoto no Yoshinaka
(1154–1184) 		1184

Kamakura shogunate (1192–1333)

Main article: Kamakura shogunate
No. Portrait Name
(birth–death) 		Shogun from Shogun until
1 Minamoto no Yoritomo
(1147–1199) 		1192 1199
2 Minamoto no Yoriie
(1182–1204) 		1202 1203
3 Minamoto no Sanetomo
(1192–1219) 		1203 1219
4 Kujō Yoritsune
(1218–1256) 		1226 1244
5 Kujō Yoritsugu
(1239–1256) 		1244 1252
6 Prince Munetaka
(1242–1274) 		1252 1266
7 Prince Koreyasu
(1264–1326) 		1266 1289
8 Prince Hisaaki
(1276–1328) 		1289 1308
9 Prince Morikuni
(1301–1333) 		1308 1333

Timeline

Prince MorikuniPrince HisaakiPrince KoreyasuPrince MunetakaKujō YoritsuguKujō YoritsuneMinamoto no SanetomoMinamoto no YoriieMinamoto no Yoritomo

Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336)

Main article: Kenmu Restoration
No. Portrait Name
(birth–death) 		Shogun from Shogun until
1 Prince Moriyoshi
(1308–1335) 		1333
2 Prince Narinaga
(1326 – c. 1337–44) 		1335 1336

Ashikaga shogunate (1336–1573)

Main article: Ashikaga shogunate
No. Portrait Name
(birth–death) 		Shogun from Shogun until
1 Ashikaga Takauji
(1305–1358) 		1338 1358
2 Ashikaga Yoshiakira
(1330–1367) 		1359 1367
3 Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
(1358–1408) 		1369 de jure
1395
de facto
1408
4 Ashikaga Yoshimochi
(1386–1428) 		1395 de jure
1423
de facto
1428
5 Ashikaga Yoshikazu
(1407–1425) 		1423 1425
6 Ashikaga Yoshinori
(1394–1441) 		1429 1441
7 Ashikaga Yoshikatsu
(1434–1443) 		1442 1443
8 Ashikaga Yoshimasa
(1436–1490) 		1449 de jure
1474
de facto
1490
9 Ashikaga Yoshihisa
(1465–1489) 		1474 1489
10 Ashikaga Yoshitane
(1466–1523) 		1490 1493
11 Ashikaga Yoshizumi
(1481–1511) 		1495 1508
(10) Ashikaga Yoshitane
(1466–1523) 		1508 1522
12 Ashikaga Yoshiharu
(1511–1550) 		1522 de jure
1547
de facto
1550
13 Ashikaga Yoshiteru
(1536–1565) 		1547 1565
14 Ashikaga Yoshihide
(1538–1568) 		1568
15 Ashikaga Yoshiaki
(1537–1597) 		1568 deposed
1573
abdicated
1588

Timeline

Ashikaga YoshiakiAshikaga YoshihideAshikaga YoshiteruAshikaga YoshiharuAshikaga YoshitaneAshikaga YoshizumiAshikaga YoshitaneAshikaga YoshihisaAshikaga YoshimasaAshikaga YoshikatsuAshikaga YoshinoriAshikaga YoshikazuAshikaga YoshimochiAshikaga YoshimitsuAshikaga YoshiakiraAshikaga Takauji

Azuchi–Momoyama period (1568–1600)

Main article: Azuchi–Momoyama period

The following were military dictators of Japan, de facto shoguns[citation needed] from 1568 to 1598. They unified the country, which at the start were a chaotic patchwork of warring clans.

No. Portrait Name
(birth–death) 		de facto
shogun from 		de facto
shogun until
1 Oda Nobunaga
(1535–1582) 		1568 de jure
1575
de facto
1582
2 Oda Nobutada
(1557–1582) 		1575 1582
3 Oda Hidenobu
(1580–1605) 		1582 1583
1 Toyotomi Hideyoshi
(1537–1598) 		1585 de jure
1592
de facto
1598
2 Toyotomi Hidetsugu
(1568–1595) 		1592 1595
3 Toyotomi Hideyori
(1593–1615) 		1598 de jure
1603

From 1598 to 1600, the de facto shogunate was delegated to the Council of Five Elders.

Tokugawa shogunate (1600–1868)

Main article: Tokugawa shogunate
No. Portrait Name
(birth–death) 		Shogun from Shogun until
1 Tokugawa Ieyasu
(1543–1616) 		de facto
1600 		de jure
1605
de jure
1603 		de facto
1616
2 Tokugawa Hidetada
(1579–1632) 		1605 de jure
1623
de facto
1632
3 Tokugawa Iemitsu
(1604–1651) 		1623 1651
4 Tokugawa Ietsuna
(1641–1680) 		1651 1680
5 Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
(1646–1709) 		1680 1709
6 Tokugawa Ienobu
(1662–1712) 		1709 1712
7 Tokugawa Ietsugu
(1709–1716) 		1713 1716
8 Tokugawa Yoshimune
(1684–1751) 		1716 de jure
1745
de facto
1751
9 Tokugawa Ieshige
(1712–1761) 		1745 de jure
1760
de facto
1761
10 Tokugawa Ieharu
(1737–1786) 		1760 1786
11 Tokugawa Ienari
(1773–1841) 		1787 de jure
1837
de facto
1841
12 Tokugawa Ieyoshi
(1793–1853) 		1837 1853
13 Tokugawa Iesada
(1824–1858) 		1853 1858
14 Tokugawa Iemochi
(1846–1866) 		1858 1866
15 Tokugawa Yoshinobu
(1837–1913) 		1866 1867[a]

Timeline

Tokugawa YoshinobuTokugawa IemochiTokugawa IesadaTokugawa IeyoshiTokugawa IenariTokugawa IeharuTokugawa IeshigeTokugawa YoshimuneTokugawa IetsuguTokugawa IenobuTokugawa TsunayoshiTokugawa IetsunaTokugawa IemitsuTokugawa HidetadaTokugawa Ieyasu

Notes

  1. ^ a b The Tokugawa shogunate came to its official end on 9 November 1867, when Tokugawa Yoshinobu "put his prerogatives at the Emperor's disposal" and resigned 10 days later.[2] This was effectively the "restoration" (Taisei Hōkan) of imperial rule – although Yoshinobu still had significant influence and it was not until 3 January 1868, with the Emperor's edict, that the Meiji Restoration fully occurred.[3] On that day, the Emperor stripped Yoshinobu of all power and made a formal declaration of the restoration of his power.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Shogun". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
  2. ^ "Meiji Restoration | Definition, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-08-21.
  3. ^ "One can date the 'restoration' of imperial rule from the edict of 3 January 1868." Jansen (2000), p. 334.
  4. ^ Quoted and translated in A Diplomat In Japan, Sir Ernest Satow, p. 353, ISBN 978-1-933330-16-7
  5. ^ Friday, 2007:108.

Bibliography