The Giller Prize (known as the Scotiabank Giller Prize from 2005-2023[1]) is a literary award given to a Canadian author of a novel or short story collection published in English (including translation) the previous year, after an annual juried competition between publishers who submit entries. The prize was established in 1994 by Toronto businessman Jack Rabinovitch in honour of his late wife Doris Giller, a former literary editor at the Toronto Star, and is awarded in November of each year along with a cash reward (then CAN$25,000) with the winner being presented by the previous year's winning author.[2]
Since its inception, the Giller Prize has been awarded to emerging and established authors from both small independent and large publishing houses in Canada.
History
From 1994 to 2004, the prize included a bronze figure created by artist Yehouda Chaki.[3] The current prize includes a trophy designed by Soheil Mosun.[4]
On September 22, 2005, the Giller Prize established an endorsement deal with Canadian bank Scotiabank. The total prize package for the award was increased to $50,000, with $40,000 presented to the winning author and $2,500 each for the other four shortlisted nominees. The award's official name was also changed at that time to the Scotiabank Giller Prize.
In 2006, the prize instituted a longlist for the first time, comprising no fewer than 10 and no more than 15 titles. In 2008, the prize fund was increased to $50,000 for the winning author and $5,000 for each of the authors on the shortlist. In 2014, the prize package was expanded further, to $100,000 for the winning author and $10,000 for each of the shortlisted authors.[5] If a translated work wins the award, however, then the prize money is split, with 70 per cent going to the original author and 30 per cent going to the translator.[6]
In 2015, the jury was expanded from three to five people.[7]
Over the years, the Giller Prize has run different promotions to extend its recognition and support of Canadian literary talent[8] to highlight all Canadian fiction eligible for the prize in a given publishing year. For example, the Craving CanLit feature (previously called Crazy for CanLit), which highlights the initial list of all titles that are under consideration for the award's longlist and shortlist nominations, seeks to publicize Canadian literature by engaging readers and writers through social media tools. Another online initiative started in 2021, the Giller Book Club, featuring virtual author readings and interviews, got off to a bumpy start when the inaugural offering was the victim of zoombombing.[9]
Since Rabinovitch's death in 2017, the Giller Prize Foundation is now overseen by his daughter Elana Rabinovitch.[10]
Cultural debate
Following Vincent Lam's win of the Giller Prize in 2006, Geist columnist Stephen Henighan criticized the Giller Prize for its apparent dependency for its shortlists and winners on books published by Bertelsmann AG-affiliated Canadian publishing houses, all of which are based in Toronto.
Arguing that the trend towards centralization of Canadian publishing in Toronto has led to a monopolistic control of the Giller Prize by Bertelsmann and its authors, Henighan wrote, "Year after year the vast majority of the books shortlisted for the Giller came from the triumvirate of publishers owned by the Bertelsmann Group: Knopf Canada, Doubleday Canada and Random House Canada. Like the three musketeers, this trio is in fact a quartet: Bertelsmann also owns 25 percent of McClelland & Stewart, and now manages M&S’s marketing."[11] Henighan added that all of the Giller Prize winners from 1994 to 2004, with the exception of Mordecai Richler, lived within a two-hour drive of downtown Toronto.
The article raised debate within the media and in the wider public over the credibility of the Giller Prize.[12][13][14] Henighan revisited that article in 2015.[15]
In 2010, there was much talk about how small presses dominated that year’s shortlist.[16] Montrealer Johanna Skibsrud won the Giller Prize that year for her novel The Sentimentalists, published by independent Gaspereau Press. The company produces books using a 1960s offset printing press and hand-bindery equipment.[17] As a result, while there was great demand for the book in the marketplace, the publisher had trouble keeping up with production.[18] In the end, they turned to Douglas & McIntyre,[19] a large West-coast publisher, to print copies of the book.
The Gaspereau situation prompted an examination within the cultural community about what makes a book and the nature of publishing and marketing books.[20] The book also became the top-selling title for Kobo eReaders, outselling even George W. Bush's memoir Decision Points.[21]
Scotiabank sponsorship controversy
In November 2023, a month after the start of Israel's military operation in Gaza, protestors interrupted the Giller ceremony to object to Scotiabank's sponsorship of the prize, given the bank's reported $500m investment in Israel-based arms manufacturer Elbit Systems.[22] In response to their arrests, an open letter was circulated in solidarity with the protestors, which was signed by more than 2,000 people, including past winners, finalists, and jurors of the prize.[23] By March 2024, Scotiabank had divested nearly half of its stake in Elbit Systems.[24]
In July 2024, 19 authors presented a letter withdrawing their books from consideration for that year's prize and demanding the foundation pressure Scotiabank's full divestment from Elbit Systems, as well as ending the sponsorships by the Azrieli Foundation, Indigo, and Audible over their ties to Israel's occupation of Palestine. The letter was also signed by two previous winners of the prize. Dinaw Mengestu–who had was originally set to serve on the jury that year–resigned in response; the following week, the other international juror, Megha Majumdar, did as well.[25][26][27] In the first quarter of 2024, Scotiabank further divested from Elbit Systems by more than $100-million; this makes for a total divestment over the previous year of more than three quarters of its total stake.[28]
Covering the controversy, Marsha Lederman of The Globe and Mail noted that several other Canadian literary awards, including the Amazon.ca First Novel Award and the Carol Shields Prize for Fiction, were not being targeted despite also being sponsored by companies with financial ties to Israel, and suggested that the primary reason for focusing solely on the Giller was that founder Jack Rabinovitch had been Jewish.[29] She also noted that the Giller Foundation does not actually have any meaningful leverage to make demands of Scotiabank, and any attempt to do so would merely result in the award not only losing Scotiabank's sponsorship, but effectively rendering itself into an unsponsorable award as no other major corporation would ever agree to the award imposing political conditions on its participation either.[29] She further doubted that any of this would actually help Palestinians at all.[29]
The 2024 ceremony followed a different format than previous years, being taped for later rebroadcast rather than being aired live, although organizers and the CBC attributed this to increasingly common practice for awards ceremonies (such as the Canadian Screen Awards, which have also been broadcast in recent years as tape-delayed one-hour "highlights" specials rather than full live ceremonies) rather than the protests.[30] Despite this, protestors still picketed the hotel where the ceremony was taking place.[6]
^"Rawi Hage, Vincent Lam on shortlist for Giller prize". Winnipeg Free Press, October 4, 2006.
^"Locals on longlist of nominees". The Telegram, September 12, 2006.
^Charles Enman, "Still walking on air, but Hay longs to write". Ottawa Citizen, November 10, 2007.
^"Giller Prize shortlist features heavyweights". Windsor Star, October 10, 2007.
^"Fifteen authors on Giller Prize longlist for fiction". Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, September 18, 2007.
^Andrea Baillie, "'Through Black Spruce' wins Giller". Telegraph-Journal, November 13, 2008.
^Vit Wagner, "Prize jury chooses 5 books from an open field; Hage, Boyden, De Sa, Swan and Endicott picked as finalists". Toronto Star, October 8, 2008.
^"Ricci, Clarke make Giller long list". Kamloops Daily News, September 20, 2008.
^"Linden MacIntyre wins Scotiabank Giller Prize". Hamilton Spectator, November 11, 2009.
^Vanessa Farquharson, "Familiar names missing from Giller Prize list". Regina Leader-Post, October 7, 2009.
^John Barber, "Women dominate 2009 Giller long list". The Globe and Mail, September 21, 2009.
^John Barber, "Johanna Skibsrud wins Giller Prize for The Sentimentalists". The Globe and Mail, November 9, 2010.
^"Giller prize nominees cut to final five; Former winner David Bergen and Alexander MacLeod on shortlist". Victoria Times-Colonist, October 6, 2010.
^Victoria Ahearn, "Buzzy novel 'The Imperfectionists' among books on Giller prize long list". Canadian Press, September 20, 2010.
^Mark Medley, "Giller Prize is the latest peak for Victoria author in roller-coaster year". Vancouver Sun, November 9, 2011.
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