Energy in Slovakia

Ižkovce Gas pipeline - panoramio

Primary energy use in Slovakia was 194 TWh and 36 TWh per million inhabitants in 2009.[1]

Statistics

2020 energy statistics[2]
Production capacities for electricity
(billion kWh)
Type Amount
Nuclear 38.18
Fossil fuel 13.58
Hydro 11.58
Biomass 3.86
Wind power 1.90
Solar 1.65
Total 65.75
     
Electricity
(billion kWh)
Category Amount
Consumption 26.50
Production 27.77
Import 13.29
Export 12.97
     
Natural Gas
(billion m3)
Consumption 4.93
Production 0.01
Import 4.36
     
Crude Oil
(barrels per day)
Consumption 85,200
Production 3,800
Import 109,800
Export 100

CO2 emissions:
29.04 million tons

Energy plan

Slovakia has a plan to get renewable sources of energy up to 19.2% by 2030.[3]

Energy types

From 2024, following the completion of two new nuclear reactors, Slovakia will return to being a net exporter of electricity.[4]

Fossil fuels

Slovakia electricity production by source

Oil

Slovnaft is the largest oil refinery in Slovakia.

In 2022 Slovakia sought to reduce its reliance on oil from Russia.

Natural gas

Slovenský plynárenský priemysel (Slovak Gas Industry) is the main natural gas supplier in Slovakia.

In 2022 Slovakia sought to reduce its reliance on natural gas from Russia who was supplying 81% in 2020.

Coal

Two coal power stations operate in Slovakia, with one at Nováky, scheduled to close in 2023.[5]

Nuclear Energy

Main article: Nuclear energy in Slovakia

Five operating reactors in two power plants Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant with two reactors dating from the 1980s and three at Mochovce Nuclear Power Plant), with two from the 1990s and the 3rd being commissioned in January 2023. Total electricity generation from nuclear in 2020 was 15.4 TWh. One additional reactor is near completion at Mochovce.[6]

Renewable energy

Slovakia renewable electricity production by source
Years in which the last three renewable power levels achieved
Achievement Year Achievement Year Achievement Year
5% 2001 10% 2009 15% 2019[2]

Renewable energy includes wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy sources.

Wind power

In the end of 2022 wind power capacity in Slovakia 3MW which has not changed since 2010. In the National Energy and Climate Plan the Government plans to build 500MW of wind by 2030. [7]

Solar power

In 2019 Slovakia had 472 MW of installed solar power capacity. It is expected to rise to 750 MW by 2030.[8]

Biomass

Biomass provides around 4% of electricity generation capacity.

Hydro power

There is hydropower potential in Vah and Orava rivers (before Stary Hrad, and after Kralovianski Meander, Oravka tunnel), with power plants over 30MW as extremely profitable (for low cost/installed MW).

Climate change

Emissions of carbon dioxide in total, per capita in 2007 were 6.8 tons CO2 compared to EU 27 average 7.9 tons CO2. Emission change 2007/1990 (%) was -35.1%. In Europe in 2007 the Slovak emissions of carbon dioxide per capita (6.8 tons CO2) were higher than in Hungary 5.4, Sweden 5.1, Portugal 5.2 or Switzerland 5.6 and lower than in Czech Republic 11.8, Luxembourg 22.4, Finland 12.2, Netherlands 11.1, Germany 9.7 or Ireland 10.1[9]

1990 emissions were 74 Mt CO2 eq. The Kyoto protocol target is reduction of 6 Mt (-8%).[10]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Energy in Slovakia.

References

  1. ^ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Archived 2010-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48
  2. ^ a b "Energy consumption in Slovakia". 2020.
  3. ^ "Slovak National Energy and Climate Plan". 28 February 2022.
  4. ^ "Mochovce 3 output increased to 55%". 31 March 2023.
  5. ^ "Slovakia presses ahead with coal phase out as solution to energy crisis". 12 May 2022.
  6. ^ "Nuclear Power in Slovakia". August 2023.
  7. ^ "Slovakia has excellent wind conditions but must remove barriers to wind energy". 8 December 2022.
  8. ^ "SLOVAKIA SOLAR ENERGY MARKET SIZE & SHARE ANALYSIS - GROWTH TRENDS & FORECASTS (2023 - 2028)". Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  9. ^ Energy in Sweden 2010 Archived October 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Table 1: Emissions of carbon dioxide in total, per capita and per GDP in EU and OECD countries, 2007
  10. ^ Wind energy and EU climate policy Achieving 30% lower emissions by 2020 EWEA October 2011 p. 39