De Croo Government

De Croo Government
98th Cabinet of Belgium
Incumbent
Date formed	1 October 2020
People and organisations
Head of state	Philippe of Belgium
Head of government	Alexander De Croo
No. of ministers	15
Member parties	Open Vld (Flemish) MR (Francophone) Forward (Flemish) PS (Francophone) CD&V (Flemish) Ecolo (Francophone) Groen (Flemish)
Status in legislature	Majority (coalition) 87 / 150 (58%)
Opposition parties	N-VA (Flemish) Vlaams Belang (Flemish) cdH (Francophone) DéFI (Francophone) PVDA-PTB
History
Election	2019 Belgian federal election
Legislature term	2019–2024
Predecessor	Wilmès II

Distribution of seats in the Chamber of Representatives.

The De Croo Government is the incumbent Federal Government of Belgium, led by Prime Minister Alexander De Croo since 1 October 2020. It has acted in a caretaker capacity since the resignation of Prime Minister Alexander De Croo on 10 June 2024 following the 2024 Belgian federal election.

History

The creation of the De Croo Government occurred on 1 October 2020, 494 days after the 2019 Belgian federal election of May 2019 as the 2019–20 Belgian government formation had been again a difficult process. The government replaced the minority Wilmès II Government, which was a temporary government instated to handle the consequences of the coronavirus outbreak. The De Croo Government is a so-called Vivaldi coalition, named after composer Antonio Vivaldi due to his work The Four Seasons which corresponds to the four different political views present in this coalition: the liberals (Open Vld and MR), the socialists (Vooruit and PS), the greens (Groen and Ecolo) and the Christian democrats of CD&V.

Most notably this government doesn't have a majority in the Flemish language group, as the two largest political parties in Flanders (and simultaneously in all of Belgium) are part of the opposition: N-VA and Vlaams Belang. Other opposition parties are the Francophone parties Les Engagés and DéFI and the nationwide PVDA-PTB.^[1]

Following the 2024 Belgian federal and regional elections, De Croo announced his resignation as prime minister.^[2]

Composition

The Constitution requires an equal number of Dutch- and French-speaking ministers (regardless of the Prime Minister) and with all parties requiring some positions, the number of members in the Government has increased considerably, from 12 to 14 ministers with an additional 5 extra Secretaries of State for a total of 7 extra members in the Government compared to the previous Wilmès II Government.

With several new parties coming in to the government and many existing parties replacing their ministers, only three ministers remain which were already present in the Wilmès II Government: Prime Minister Alexander De Croo (who was Minister of Development Cooperation, Finance and fighting Fiscal Fraud), the previous Prime Minister Sophie Wilmès who now becomes Minister of Foreign Affairs and David Clarinval who moves from Minister of Budget, Civil Service, National Lottery and Scientific Policy to Minister of the Middle Class, SMEs, Self-employed, Agriculture, and Institutional Affairs. A large number of government members were relatively unknown at the time of their appointment, as several parties decided to opt for new faces instead of familiar ones. One notable returnee is Frank Vandenbroucke who, after a nine-year break from politics, returns to become Minister of Health and Social Affairs, and has held multiple positions in the period 1994–2009, including Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Social Affairs, Labor, and Pensions.

Portfolio	Minister	Took office	Left office	Party
Prime Minister
Prime Minister (from 22 April until 14 July 2022 also acting Minister of Foreign Affairs and European Affairs, replacing Sophie Wilmès)	Alexander De Croo	1 October 2020	Incumbent		Open Vld
Deputy Prime Ministers
Minister of Economy and Employment	Pierre-Yves Dermagne	1 October 2020	Incumbent		PS
Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs, Foreign Trade and Federal Cultural Institutions (absent from 22 April until 14 July 2022, replaced by colleagues De Croo, Clarinval and Michel)	Sophie Wilmès	1 October 2020	14 July 2022		MR
Minister of the Small Businesses, Self-Employed, SMEs and Agriculture, Institutional Reforms and Democratic Renewal (from 22 April until 14 July 2022 also acting Minister of Foreign Trade and Deputy Prime Minister for the MR, replacing Sophie Wilmès)	David Clarinval	22 April 2022	Incumbent		MR
Minister of Mobility	Georges Gilkinet	1 October 2020	Incumbent		Ecolo
Minister of Finance, in charge of the Coordination of the Fight against Fraud	Vincent Van Peteghem	1 October 2020	Incumbent		CD&V
Minister of Social Affairs and Public Health (from 19 October until 16 December 2022 also acting Minister of Development Cooperation and Urban Policy, replacing Meryame Kitir)	Frank Vandenbroucke	1 October 2020	Incumbent		Vooruit
Minister of Civil Service, Public Enterprises, Telecommunication and Postal Services	Petra De Sutter	1 October 2020	Incumbent		Groen
Minister of Justice and the North Sea	Vincent Van Quickenborne	1 October 2020	20 October 2023		Open Vld
Minister of Justice and the North Sea	Paul Van Tigchelt	22 October 2023	Incumbent		Open Vld
Ministers
Minister of the Small Businesses, Self-Employed, SMEs and Agriculture, Institutional Reforms and Democratic Renewal	David Clarinval	1 October 2020	21 April 2022		MR
Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs, Foreign Trade and Federal Cultural Institutions	Hadja Lahbib	15 July 2022	1 December 2024		MR
Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs, Foreign Trade and Federal Cultural Institutions	Bernard Quintin	2 December 2024	Incumbent		MR
Minister of Pensions and Social Integration, in charge of Persons with Disabilities, Combating Poverty and Beliris	Karine Lalieux	1 October 2020	Incumbent		PS
Minister of Defence	Ludivine Dedonder	1 October 2020	Incumbent		PS
Minister of Climate, Environment, Sustainable Development and Green Deal	Zakia Khattabi	1 October 2020	Incumbent		Ecolo
Minister of the Interior, Institutional Reforms and Democratic Renewal	Annelies Verlinden	1 October 2020	Incumbent		CD&V
Minister of Development Cooperation and Urban Policy (absent from 19 October until 16 December 2022, replaced by colleague Vandenbroucke)	Meryame Kitir	1 October 2020	16 December 2022		Vooruit
Minister of Development Cooperation and Urban Policy	Caroline Gennez	17 December 2022	1 October 2024		Vooruit
Minister of Development Cooperation and Urban Policy	Frank Vandenbroucke	1 October 2024	Incumbent		Vooruit
Minister of Energy	Tinne Van der Straeten	1 October 2020	Incumbent		Groen
Secretaries of State
Secretary of State for Recovery and Strategic Investments, in charge of Science Policy Deputy to the Minister of the Economy and Employment	Thomas Dermine	1 October 2020	Incumbent		PS
Secretary of State for Digitization, in charge of Administrative Simplification, Privacy and Buildings Administration 9from 22 April until 14 July 2022 also acting Secretary of State for Federal Cultural Institutions, replacing Sophie Wilmès) Deputy to the Prime Minister	Mathieu Michel	1 October 2020	Incumbent		MR
Secretary of State for Gender Equality, Equal Opportunities and Diversity Deputy to the Minister of Mobility	Sarah Schlitz	1 October 2020	26 April 2023		Ecolo
Secretary of State for Gender Equality, Equal Opportunities and Diversity Deputy to the Minister of Mobility	Marie-Colline Leroy	2 May 2023	Incumbent		Ecolo
Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration, in charge of the National Lottery Deputy to the Minister of the Interior, Institutional Reforms and Democratic Renewal	Sammy Mahdi	1 October 2020	27 June 2022		CD&V
Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration, in charge of the National Lottery Deputy to the Minister of the Interior, Institutional Reforms and Democratic Renewal	Nicole de Moor	28 June 2022	Incumbent		CD&V
Secretary of State for Budget and Consumer Protection Deputy to the Minister of Justice and the North Sea	Eva De Bleeker [nl]	1 October 2020	18 November 2022		Open Vld
Secretary of State for Budget and Consumer Protection Deputy to the Minister of Justice and the North Sea	Alexia Bertrand	18 November 2022	Incumbent		Open Vld

Changes in composition

• On 21 April 2022, Sophie Wilmès took a temporary leave of absence for personal reasons. Officially she remains in office as both Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, however, in reality all her duties have been taken over by other members of the cabinet from 22 April 2022. Prime minister Alexander De Croo is the acting Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of European Affairs, David Clarinval took over her duties as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Trade, and finally Mathieu Michel took over the portfolio of Federal Cultural Institutions.^[3] On 14 July 2022 Wilmès resigned definitively as a member of the De Croo government, with all her portfolios allocated to newcomer Hadja Lahbib, although David Clarinval kept the position of Deputy Prime Minister for the MR.^[4]
• On 27 June 2022, Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration Sammy Mahdi was replaced by Nicole de Moor, as Mahdi had been elected the new party president of CD&V.^[5]
• After a first revision of the budget after errors and a new proposal containing different errors, Secretary of State for Budget Eva De Bleeker [nl] offered her resignation on 18 November 2022 and was immediately replaced by Alexia Bertrand. Bertrand is a member of the French speaking liberals of MR, but was invited to become a party member as well for the Flemish speaking liberals of Open Vld, allowing her to take up the position.^[6]
• Vooruit announced on 17 December 2022 that Minister of Development Cooperation and Urban Policy Meryame Kitir, who had been on sick leave already for nearly two months at that point, would not be returning and was officially replaced by Caroline Gennez.^[7]
• On 23 April 2023, Secretary of State for Gender Equality, Equal Opportunities and Diversity Sarah Schlitz resigned following a week of criticism mainly centered around the use of a personal logo in governmental projects (thus promoting herself with tax money which is forbidden), lying about having requested the logo to be used and on top of that one of her staff members compared the New Flemish Alliance with Nazism.^[8] Schlitz' party Ecolo appointed Marie-Colline Leroy as her successor and she was sworn in on 2 May 2023.^[9]
• Minister of Justice Vincent Van Quickenborne resigned on 20 October 2023, a few days after the 2023 Brussels shooting, as it turned out an error had been made as Tunisia had asked already in 2022 to transfer the perpetrator but the dossier had not been processed.^[10]. Two days later, Open Vld appointed Paul Van Tigchelt to replace him ^[11] causing former party president Gwendolyn Rutten to announce her immediate retirement from national politics.^[12]
• On 1 October 2024, Minister of Development Cooperation and Urban Policy Caroline Gennez resigned to become a minister in the Diependaele government. Frank Vandenbroucke, Deputy Prime Minister and also Minister of Social Affairs and Public Health, took over her responsibilities.^[13]
• On 1 December 2024, Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs and Foreign Trade, and Federal Cultural Institutions Hadja Lahbib resigned to become European commissioner in the von der Leyen Commission II. Bernard Quintin succeeded her the next day.^[14][15]

References

1. VRT NWS (30 September 2020). "7 partijen hebben een inhoudelijk akkoord om samen te regeren: dit weten we daar al over" [7 parties have an internal agreement to govern: this is what we know already]. vrtnws.be (in Flemish). Retrieved 30 September 2020.
2. "Belgium's PM De Croo resigns after election defeat – DW – 06/10/2024". dw.com. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
3. "Sophie Wilmès (MR) stopt voorlopig als minister door ziekte man, premier De Croo neemt Buitenlandse Zaken over" [Sophie Wilmès (MR) temporarily quits as Minister due to husband's illness, Prime Minister De Croo takes over Foreign Affairs]. vrt nws. 21 April 2022.
4. "Sophie Wilmès (MR) stopt definitief als minister van Buitenlandse Zaken door ziekte echtgenoot". VRT (in Dutch). 14 July 2022.
5. "CD&V verrast met nieuwe staatssecretaris voor Asiel en Migratie: wie is Nicole de Moor?" [CD&V surprises with choice for new Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration: who is Nicole de Moor?]. vrt nws. 27 June 2022.
6. "Staatssecretaris Eva De Bleeker (Open VLD) neemt ontslag na nieuwe fouten in begroting, opvolger Alexia Bertrand stapt over van MR naar Open VLD" [Secretary of State Eva De Bleeker (Open VLD) resigns after new errors in budget, successor Alexia Bertrand comes over from MR to Open VLD]. vrt nws. 18 November 2022.
7. "Caroline Gennez (Vooruit) vervangt Meryame Kitir als minister van Ontwikkelingssamenwerking" [Caroline Gennez (Vooruit) replaces Meryame Kitir as minister of Development Cooperation]. vrt nws. 17 December 2022.
8. ""The situation is untenable": State Secretary Sarah Schlitz (Ecolo) resigns after fuss over use of personal logo" ["De situatie is onhoudbaar": Staatssecretaris Sarah Schlitz (Ecolo) neemt ontslag na heisa over gebruik persoonlijk logo]. vrt nws (in Dutch). 26 April 2023.
9. "Marie-Colline Leroy (Ecolo) legt eed af als staatssecretaris voor Gelijke Kansen" [Marie-Colline Leroy (Ecolo) sworn in as State Secretary of Equal Opportunities]. vrt nws (in Dutch). 2 May 2023.
10. "Minister van Justitie Vincent Van Quickenborne neemt ontslag in nasleep van aanslag in Brussel" [Minister of Justice Vincent Van Quickenborne resigns in aftermath of attack in Brussels]. vrt nws (in Dutch). 20 October 2023.
11. "Voormalig OCAD-topman Paul Van Tigchelt wordt de nieuwe minister van Justitie" [Former Threat Analysis Coordinating Body-head Paul Van Tigchelt becomes new Minister of Justice]. vrt nws (in Dutch). 22 October 2023.
12. "Oud-partijvoorzitter Gwendolyn Rutten (Open VLD) stopt met nationale politiek: "Respectloze behandeling door partijtop"" [Former party president Gwendolyn Rutten (Open VLD) stops with national politics: "Respectless treatment by head of party"]. vrt nws (in Dutch). 22 October 2023.
13. "Frank Vandenbroucke reprend le portefeuille de Caroline Gennez, partie au gouvernement flamand" [Frank Vandenbroucke takes over the portfolio of Caroline Gennez, who left for the Flemish government]. RTBF Actus (in French). 1 October 2024.
14. "Surprise aux Affaires étrangères: Bernard Quintin pour succéder à Hadja Lahbib" [Surprise at Foreign Affairs: Bernard Quintin to succeed Hadja Lahbib]. RTBF Actus (in French). 30 November 2024.
15. "Bernard Quintin a prêté serment comme ministre des Affaires étrangères ce lundi" [Bernard Quintin to be sworn in as Minister of Foreign Affairs on Monday before the King]. RTBF Actus (in French). 30 November 2024.