Asparagaceae

Asparagaceae
Asparagus officinalis flowering
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Juss.[1]
Genera

See text

Synonyms
  • Asparageae

Asparagaceae (/əsˌpærəˈɡeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots.[1] The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis. This family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants. The garden plants include asparagus, yucca, bluebell, and hosta, and the houseplants include snake plant, corn cane, spider plant, and plumosus fern.

Taxonomy

In earlier classification systems, the species involved were often treated as belonging to the family Liliaceae. The APG II system of 2003 allowed two options as to the circumscription of the family: either Asparagaceae sensu lato ("in the wider sense") combining seven previously recognized families, or Asparagaceae sensu stricto ("in the strict sense") consisting of very few genera (notably Asparagus, also Hemiphylacus), but nevertheless totalling a few hundred species. The revised APG III system of 2009 allows only the broader sense. A paper published at the same time proposed seven subfamilies to correspond to the originally separate families.[2] These are:

Genera

Asparagaceae includes 114 genera with a total of approximately 2,900 known species.[3] Unless otherwise noted, the alphabetical list below is based on genera accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as in the family Asparagaceae (with synonyms from the same source).[4] The reference against the subfamily name is to the source which places the genus in that subfamily.

Asparagaceae genera[4]
Subfamily Genus
Lomandroideae[5] Acanthocarpus Lehm.
Agavoideae[6] Agave L.
Scilloideae[7] Albuca L. (sometimes included in Ornithogalum[7])
Scilloideae[7] Alrawia (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo
Brodiaeoideae[6] Androstephium Torr.
Agavoideae[6] Anemarrhena Bunge
Agavoideae[6] Anthericum L.
Aphyllanthoideae[6] Aphyllanthes L.
Lomandroideae[6] Arthropodium R.Br.
Asparagoideae[6] Asparagus Tourn. ex L.
Nolinoideae[6] Aspidistra Ker Gawl. (including Antherolophus Gagnep., Colania Gagnep.)
Scilloideae[7] Barnardia Lindl.
Nolinoideae[7] Beaucarnea Lem.
Agavoideae[6] Behnia Didr.
Scilloideae[7] Bellevalia Lapeyr. (including Strangweja Bertol.)
Agavoideae[6] Beschorneria Kunth
Brodiaeoideae[6] Bessera Schult.f. (including Behria)
Brodiaeoideae[6] Bloomeria Kellogg
Scilloideae[7] Bowiea Harv. ex Hook.f. (Climbing Onion, Sea Onion)
Scilloideae[7] Brimeura Salisb.
Brodiaeoideae[6] Brodiaea Sm.
Nolinoideae[6] Calibanus Rose
Agavoideae[6] Camassia Lindl.
Nolinoideae[7] Campylandra Baker
Lomandroideae[7] Chamaexeros Benth.
Scilloideae[7] Chionodoxa Boiss. (included in Scilla L. by some sources)
Agavoideae[6] Chlorogalum (Lindl.) Kunth
Agavoideae[6] Chlorophytum Ker Gawl.
Nolinoideae[6] Comospermum Rauschert
Nolinoideae[6] Convallaria L.
Lomandroideae[6] Cordyline Comm. ex R.Br. (including Cohnia Kunth)
Nolinoideae[6] Danae Medik.
Brodiaeoideae[6] Dandya H.E.Moore
Nolinoideae[5] Dasylirion Zucc.
Scilloideae[7] Daubenya Lindl. (including Amphisiphon W.F.Barker, Androsiphon Schltr.)
Agavoideae[7] Diamena Ravenna
Brodiaeoideae[6] Dichelostemma Kunth (including Brevoortia, Stropholirion)
Lomandroideae[7] Dichopogon Kunth (may be included in Arthropodium)
Agavoideae[7] Diora Ravenna
Scilloideae[7] Dipcadi Medik. (sometimes included in Ornithogalum[7])
Brodiaeoideae[7] Dipterostemon Rydb.
Nolinoideae[7] Disporopsis Hance
Nolinoideae[6] Dracaena Vand. ex L.
Scilloideae[7] Drimia Jacq. (including Litanthus Harv., Rhadamanthus Salisb., Rhodocodon Baker, Sypharissa Salisb., Tenicroa Raf., Thuranthos C.H.Wright, Urginea Steinh., Urgineopsis Compton)
Scilloideae[7] Drimiopsis Lindl. & Paxton (sometimes included in Ledebouria[7])
Agavoideae[6] Echeandia Ortega
Agavoideae[5] Eremocrinum M.E.Jones
Nolinoideae[6] Eriospermum Jacq.
Scilloideae[7] Eucomis L'Hér.
Lomandroideae[6] Eustrephus R.Br.
Agavoideae[5] Furcraea Vent.
Scilloideae[7] Galtonia Decne. (included in Ornithogalum L. by some sources)
Agavoideae[7] Hagenbachia Nees & Mart.
Agavoideae[6] Hastingsia S.Watson
Asparagoideae[6] Hemiphylacus S.Watson
Agavoideae[6] Herreria Ruiz & Pav.
Agavoideae[6] Herreriopsis H.Perrier
Agavoideae[7] Hesperaloe Engelm. in S.Watson
Agavoideae[6] Hesperocallis A.Gray
Agavoideae[7] Hesperoyucca (Engelm.) Trel. (included in Yucca by some sources)
Nolinoideae[7] Heteropolygonatum M.N.Tamura & Ogisu
Agavoideae[6] Hosta Tratt.
Scilloideae[7] Hyacinthella Schur
Scilloideae[7] Hyacinthoides Heist. ex Fabr. (including Endymion Dumort.)
Scilloideae[7] Hyacinthus Tourn. ex L.
Scilloideae[7] Lachenalia Jacq. ex Murray (including Brachyscypha Baker, Periboea Kunth, Polyxena Kunth)
Lomandroideae[6] Laxmannia R.Br. (including Bartlingia F. Mueller)
Scilloideae[7] Ledebouria Roth (including Resnova van der Merwe[7])
Scilloideae[7] Leopoldia Parl.
Agavoideae[6] Leucocrinum Nutt. ex A.Gray
Nolinoideae[5] Liriope Lour.
Lomandroideae[6] Lomandra Labill. (including Xerotes R. Brown)
Nolinoideae[6] Maianthemum F.H.Wigg. (including Oligobotrya Baker, Smilacina Desf.)
Agavoideae[5] Manfreda Salisb. (included in Agave by some sources)
Scilloideae[7] Massonia Thunb. ex Houtt. (including Neobakeria Schltr., Whiteheadia Harv.)
Scilloideae[7] Merwilla Speta
Brodiaeoideae[6] Milla Cav. (including Diphalangium)
Brodiaeoideae[6] Muilla S.Watson ex Benth.
Lomandroideae[7] Murchisonia Brittan
Scilloideae[7] Muscari Mill. (including Botryanthus Kunth, Muscarimia Kostel., Pseudomuscari Garbari & Greuter)
Nolinoideae[6] Nolina Michx.
Nolinoideae[6] Ophiopogon Ker Gawl.
Scilloideae[7] Ornithogalum L. (including Battandiera Maire, Elsiea F.M.Leight., Neopatersonia Schonl.)
Scilloideae[7] Oziroe Raf. (including Fortunatia J.F.Macbr.)
Agavoideae[6] Paradisea Mazzuc.
Nolinoideae[6] Peliosanthes Andrews
Brodiaeoideae[6] Petronymphe H.E.Moore
Agavoideae[5] Polianthes L. (included in Agave by some sources)
Nolinoideae[6] Polygonatum Mill.
Agavoideae[7] Prochnyanthes S.Watson
Scilloideae[7] Prospero Salisb.
Scilloideae[7] Pseudogaltonia (Kuntze) Engl. (sometimes included in Ornithogalum[7])
Scilloideae[7] Pseudoprospero Speta
Scilloideae[7] Puschkinia Adams
Nolinoideae[7] Reineckea Kunth
Nolinoideae[7] Rohdea Roth (including Gonioscypha Baker)
Lomandroideae[7] Romnalda P.F.Stevens
Nolinoideae[6] Ruscus L.
Nolinoideae[5] Sansevieria Thunb. (included within Dracaena)
Scilloideae[7] Schizobasis Baker (sometimes included in Drimia[7])
Scilloideae[7] Schizocarphus van der Merwe
Agavoideae[6] Schoenolirion Durand
Scilloideae[7] Scilla L.
Nolinoideae[6] Semele Kunth
Lomandroideae[7] Sowerbaea Sm.
Nolinoideae[6] Speirantha Baker
Scilloideae[7] Spetaea Wetschnig & Pfosser
Nolinoideae[7] Theropogon Maxim.
Lomandroideae[6] Thysanotus R.Br.
Lomandroideae[7] Trichopetalum Lindl. (including Bottinaea Colla)
Brodiaeoideae[6] Triteleia Douglas ex Lindl. (including Hesperoscordium, Themis)
Brodiaeoideae[6] Triteleiopsis Hoover
Nolinoideae[6] Tupistra Ker Gawl. (including Campylandra Baker, Tricalistra Ridl.)
Scilloideae[7] Veltheimia Gled.
Lomandroideae[6] Xerolirion A.S.George
Agavoideae[6] Yucca L. (including Samuela)
Brodiaeoideae[6] Xochiquetzallia J.Gut

References

  1. ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x, hdl:10654/18083
  2. ^ Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 132–136, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  3. ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3). Magnolia Press: 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
  4. ^ a b WCSP (2011), World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, archived from the original on March 5, 2012, retrieved 2011-05-25
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, archived from the original on 2011-06-03, retrieved 2011-05-29
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 132–136, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg "Query GRIN Taxonomy for Plants". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-05-30.

Bibliography