Magnesium sulfida

Magnesium sulfida
Struktur kristal magnesium sulfida
Nama
Nama lain
Penanda
Model 3D (JSmol)
3DMet {{{3DMet}}}
ChemSpider
Nomor EC
Nomor RTECS {{{value}}}
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Mg.S/q+2;-2 N
    Key: QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N N
  • InChI=1/Mg.S/q+2;-2
    Key: QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYAO
  • [Mg+2].[S-2]
Sifat
MgS
Massa molar 56,38 g/mol
Penampilan bubuk putih hingga cokelat kemerahan
Densitas 2,84 g/cm3
Titik lebur 2.000 °C (3.630 °F; 2.270 K) kira-kira
terurai
Struktur
Halit (kubik), cF8
Fm3m, No. 225
kubik
Termokimia
Kapasitas kalor (C) 45,6 J/mol K
Entropi molar standar (So) 50,3 J/mol K
Entalpi pembentukan standarfHo) -347 kJ/mol
Bahaya
Bahaya utama Sumber H2S
Senyawa terkait
Anion lain
Magnesium oksida
Kation lainnya
Kalsium sulfida
Stronsium sulfida
Barium sulfida
Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verifikasi (apa ini YaYN ?)
Referensi

Magnesium sulfida adalah suatu senyawa anorganik dengan rumus kimia MgS. Senyawa ini berbentuk kristalin putih namun terkadang hadir sebagai bentuk tak murninya yang berupa bubuk non-kristalin berwarna cokelat. Senyawa ini dihasilkan secara industri dalam produksi logam besi.

Penyiapan dan sifat umum

MgS dibentuk melalui reaksi antara belerang atau hidrogen sulfida dengan magnesium. Senyawa ini mengkristal daam struktur garam batuan karena merupakan bentuk yang paling stabil, yaitu struktur zinc blende[1] dan wurtzite[2] yang dapat disiapkan melalui epitaksi berkas molekul. Sifat kimia MgS mirip dengan sulfida ionik terkait seperti natrium, barium, atau kalsium. Senyawa ini bereaksi dengan oksigen untuk membentuk sulfatnya, magnesium sulfat. MgS bereaksi dengan air menghasilkan hidrogen sulfida dan magnesium hidroksida.[3]

Kegunaan

Dalam proses pembuatan baja dengan oksigen basa, belerang menjadi unsur pertama yang dihilangkan. Belerang dihilangkan dari tanur tiup besi yang tidak murni dengan menambahkan beberapa ratus kilogram bubuk magnesium menggunakan pipa. Magnesium sulfida lalu terbentuk, yang kemudian mengapung di atas besi cair dan dihilangkan.[4]

MgS adalah semikonduktor celah pita lebar langsung yang menarik sebagai emitor biru-hijau, suatu sifat yang telah dikenal sejak awal 1900-an.[5] Sifat celah pita lebar juga memungkinkan penggunaan MgS sebagai detektor foto untuk sinar ultraviolet panjang gelombang pendek.[6]

Keberadaan

Selain sebagai komponen dari beberapa slag, MgS adalah mineral niningerite nonterestrial langka yang terdeteksi di beberapa meteorit. MgS juga ditemukan di selubung bintang dari bintang karbon tertentu yang telah berevolusi, yaitu, mereka dengan C/O > 1.[7]

Keamanan

MgS melepaskan hidrogen sulfida setelah kontak dengan uap air.

Referensi

  1. ^ Bradford, C.; O'Donnell, C. B.; Urbaszek, B.; Balocchi, A.; Morhain, C.; Prior, K. A.; Cavenett, B. C. (2000). "Growth of zinc blende MgS/ZnSe single quantum wells by molecular-beam epitaxy using ZnS as a sulphur source". Appl. Phys. Lett. 76: 3929. Bibcode:2000ApPhL..76.3929B. doi:10.1063/1.126824. 
  2. ^ Lai, Y. H.; He, Q. L.; Cheung, W. Y.; Lok, S. K.; Wong, K. S.; Ho, S. K.; Tam, K. W.; Sou, I. K. (2013). "Molecular beam epitaxy-grown wurtzite MgS thin films for solar-blind ultra-violet detection". Applied Physics Letters. 102: 171104. Bibcode:2013ApPhL.102q1104L. doi:10.1063/1.4803000. 
  3. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  4. ^ Irons, G. A.; Guthrie, R. I. L. "Kinetic aspects of magnesium desulfurization of blast furnace iron" Ironmaking and Steelmaking (1981), volume 8, pp.114-21.
  5. ^ Tiede, E. "Reindarstellung von Magnesiumsulfid und seine Phosphorescenz. I (Preparation of pure magnesium sulfide and its phosphorescence. I)" Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft (1916), volume 49, pages 1745-9.
  6. ^ Hoi Lai, Ying; Cheung, Wai-Yip; Lok, Shu-Kin; Wong, George K.L.; Ho, Sut-Kam; Tam, Kam-Weng; Sou, Iam-Keong (2012). "Rocksalt MgS solar blind ultra-violet detectors". AIP Advances. 2: 012149. Bibcode:2012AIPA....2a2149L. doi:10.1063/1.3690124alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  7. ^ Goebel, J. H.; Moseley, S. H. (1985). "MgS Grain Component in Circumstellar Shells". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 290: L35. Bibcode:1985ApJ...290L..35G. doi:10.1086/184437. 

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