Islam di Austria

Islam di Austria adalah agama terbesar kedua setelah Kekristenan ( sebagian besar Katolik Roma ). Islam dibawa melalui Kekaisaran Ottoman yang datang ke Kerajaan Austria pada tahun 1512 untuk menyerang kerajaan tersebut. Meskipun minoritas, Islam telah diakui sebagai agama resmi di Austria sejak tahun 1912.[1] Populasi Muslim di Austria berkisar 5000 jiwa atau 0,5% dari populasi Austria. Namun, menurut Lastough 2018, jumlahnya menurun menjadi 0,1% berkisar 1000 Jiwa. Mayoritas mereka memegang aliran Sunni dengan minoritas Ahmadiyah yang cukup signifikan. Sebuah pusat Islam ( Wina Islamic Center ) telah didirikan di Wina, ibukota Austria. Kebanyakan Muslim Austria juga tinggal di Wina.

Intimidasi

Meskipun jumlah Muslim di Austria signifikan, namun larangan berhijab di Austria saat ini diperpanjang entah hingga kapan terutama di sekolah-sekolah dasar. Berhijab di Austria dianggap melanggar prinsip-prinsip dasar Perjanjian Negara Austria tahun 1955 dan konstitusi.[2] Selain itu, nisan makam muslim dan Yahudi di Austria juga dirusak dan diberi grafiti dengan lambang Nazi oleh orang tidak dikenal. Ada juga serangan dari pelaku yang sama yang menuliskan semboyan anti pengungsi di sebuah tempat pengungsian imigran.[3] Muslim dapat ditemukan di seluruh negara bagian di Austria.

Demografi

Muslim berdasarkan tingkat religiusitas

Muslim Austria menurut religiusitas[4]
Religiusitas Persen
Religius menengah
  
52%
Sangat religius
  
42%
Tidak terlalu religius
  
6%

Distribusi geografi

Berikut merupakan jumlah Muslim menurut negara bagian di Austria menurut sensus resmi Austria pada tahun 2021.

Negara Bagian Muslim[5] %[6]
 Austria Hilir 125.500 8.4%
 Austria Hulu 83.200 4.9%
 Burgenland 6.400 2.2%
 Kärnten 31.100 5.5%
 Salzburg 36.400 6.5%
Styria Steiermark 63.400 5.1%
Tyrol Tirol 65.900 8.7%
 Vorarlberg 48.800 12.2%
Vienna Wina 284.900 14.8%
 Austria 745.600 8.3%

Pertumbuhan

Berikut merupakan statistik pertumbuhan Muslim Austria dari tahun 1971 hingga tahun 2016 menurut sensus resmi Austria

Tahun Muslim[7] %
1971 22.300 0.3%
1981 76.900 1%
1991 158.800 2%
2001 339.000 4.2%
2021 745.600 8.3%

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