Harold Bloom

Harold Bloom
Bloom pada 1986
Lahir	(1930-07-11)11 Juli 1930 New York City, AS
Meninggal	14 Oktober 2019(2019-10-14) (umur 89) New Haven, Connecticut, AS
Pekerjaan	Kritikus sastra, penulis, profesor
Pendidikan	Universitas Cornell (BA) Universitas Yale (MA, PhD) Pembroke College, Cambridge
Gerakan	Estetika, Romantisisme
Tahun aktif	1955–2019
Pasangan	Jeanne Gould ​ (m. 1958)​
Anak	2

Harold Bloom (11 Juli 1930 – 14 Oktober 2019) adalah seorang kritikus sastra Amerika dan Profesor Sterling ilmu Humaniora di Universitas Yale.^[1] Pada tahun 2017, Bloom dianggap sebagai "kritikus sastra paling terkenal di dunia berbahasa Inggris."^[2] Setelah penerbitan buku pertamanya pada tahun 1959, Bloom menulis lebih dari 50 buku,^[3] termasuk lebih dari 40 buku kritik sastra, beberapa buku yang membahas agama, dan sebuah novel. Sepanjang hidupnya, ia mengedit ratusan antologi mengenai berbagai tokoh sastra dan filsafat untuk perusahaan penerbitan Chelsea House.^[4] Buku-buku Bloom telah diterjemahkan ke dalam lebih dari 40 bahasa. Bloom terpilih menjadi anggota American Philosophical Society pada tahun 1995.^[5]

Bloom adalah pendukung kanon Barat tradisional pada saat fakultas sastra berfokus pada apa yang dia cemooh sebagai "mazhab kebencian" (multikulturalis, feminis, Marxis, dan lain-lain).^[6] Ia adalah lulusan Universitas Yale, Universitas Cambridge, dan Universitas Cornell.

Buku

• Shelley's Mythmaking. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1959.
• The Visionary Company: A Reading of English Romantic Poetry. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1961. Revised and enlarged edn. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1971.
• Blake's Apocalypse: A Study in Poetic Argument. Anchor Books: New York: Doubleday and Co., 1963.
• The Literary Criticism of John Ruskin.; edited with introduction. New York: DoubleDay, 1965.
• Walter Pater: Marius the Epicurean; edition with introduction. New York: New American Library, 1970.
• Romanticism and Consciousness: Essays in Criticism.; edited with introduction. New York: Norton, 1970.
• Yeats. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. ISBN 0-19-501603-3
• The Ringers in the Tower: Studies in Romantic Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971.
• The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973; 2nd edn, 1997. ISBN 0-19-511221-0
• The Selected Writings of Walter Pater; edition with introduction and notes. New York: New American Library, 1974.
• A Map of Misreading. New York: Oxford University Press, 1975.
• Kabbalah and Criticism. New York : Seabury Press, 1975. ISBN 0-8264-0242-9
• Poetry and Repression: Revisionism from Blake to Stevens. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976.
• Figures of Capable Imagination. New York: Seabury Press, 1976.
• Wallace Stevens: The Poems of our Climate. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1977.
• Deconstruction and Criticism. New York: Seabury Press, 1980.
• The Flight to Lucifer: A Gnostic Fantasy. New York: Vintage Books, 1980. ISBN 0-394-74323-7
• Agon: Towards a Theory of Revisionism. New York : Oxford University Press, 1982.
• The Breaking of the Vessels. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
• The Poetics of Influence: New and Selected Criticism. New Haven: Henry R. Schwab, 1988.
• Ruin the Sacred Truths: Poetry and Belief from the Bible to the Present. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
• The Book of J: Translated from the Hebrew by David Rosenberg; Interpreted by Harold Bloom. New York: Grove Press, 1990 ISBN 0-8021-4191-9
• The Gospel of Thomas: The Hidden Sayings of Jesus; translation with introduction, critical edition of the Coptic text and notes by Marvin Meyer, with an interpretation by Harold Bloom. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1992.
• The American Religion: The Emergence of the Post-Christian Nation; Touchstone Books; ISBN 0-671-86737-7 (1992; August 1993)
• The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994.
• Omens of Millennium: The Gnosis of Angels, Dreams, and Resurrection. New York: Riverhead Books, 1996.
• Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. New York: 1998. ISBN 1-57322-751-X
• How to Read and Why. New York: 2000. ISBN 0-684-85906-8
• Stories and Poems for Extremely Intelligent Children of All Ages. New York: 2001.
• El futur de la imaginació (The Future of the Imagination). Barcelona: Anagrama / Empúries, 2002. ISBN 84-7596-927-5
• Genius: A Mosaic of One Hundred Exemplary Creative Minds. New York: 2003. ISBN 0-446-52717-3
• Hamlet: Poem Unlimited. New York: 2003.
• The Best Poems of the English Language: From Chaucer Through Frost. New York: 2004. ISBN 0-06-054041-9
• Where Shall Wisdom Be Found? New York: 2004. ISBN 1-57322-284-4
• Jesus and Yahweh: The Names Divine. 2005. ISBN 1-57322-322-0
• American Religious Poems: An Anthology By Harold Bloom. 2006. ISBN 1-931082-74-X
• Fallen Angels, illustrated by Mark Podwal. Yale University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-300-12348-5
• Till I End My Song: A Gathering of Last Poems Harper, 2010. ISBN 0-06-192305-2
• The Anatomy of Influence: Literature as a Way of Life. Yale University Press, 2011. ISBN 0-300-16760-1
• The Shadow of a Great Rock: A Literary Appreciation of The King James Bible. Yale University Press, 2011. ISBN 0-300-16683-4
• The Daemon Knows: Literary Greatness and the American Sublime. Spiegel & Grau, 2015. ISBN 0-812-99782-4
• Falstaff: Give Me Life. Scribner, 2017. ISBN 978-1-5011-6413-2
• Cleopatra: I Am Fire and Air. Scribner, 2017. ISBN 978-1-5011-6416-3
• Lear: The Great Image of Authority. Scribner, 2018. ISBN 978-1-5011-6419-4
• Iago: The Strategies of Evil. Scribner, 2018. ISBN 978-1-5011-6422-4
• Macbeth: A Dagger of the Mind. Scribner, 2019. ISBN 978-1-5011-6425-5
• Possessed by Memory: The Inward Light of Criticism. Knopf, 2019. ISBN 978-0-5255-2088-7
• Take Arms Against a Sea of Troubles: The Power of the Reader’s Mind Over a Universe of Death. Yale, 2020. ISBN 978-0300247282
• The Bright Book of Life: Novels to Read and Re-read. Knopf, 2020. ISBN 978-0525657262

Artikel

• "On Extended Wings" Diarsipkan 2017-08-15 di Wayback Machine.; Wallace Stevens' Longer Poems. By Helen Hennessy Vendler, (Review), The New York Times, October 5, 1969.
• "Poets' meeting in the heyday of their youth; A Single Summer With Lord Byron", The New York Times, February 15, 1970.
• "An angel's spirit in a decaying (and active) body" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, November 22, 1970.
• "The Use of Poetry" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, November 12, 1975.
• "Northrop Frye exalting the designs of romance; The Secular Scripture" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, April 18, 1976.
• "On Solitude in America" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, August 4, 1977.
• "The Critic/Poet" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, February 5, 1978.
• "A Fusion of Traditions: The Collected Works of Isaac Rosenberg" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, July 22, 1979.
• "Straight Forth Out of Self", The New York Times, June 22, 1980.
• "The Heavy Burden of the Past; Poets", The New York Times, January 4, 1981.
• "The Pictures of the Poet; The Painting and Drawings of William Blake, by Martin Butlin. Vol. I, Text. Vol. II, Plates" (review), The New York Times, January 3, 1982.
• "A Novelist's Bible; The Story of the Stories, The Chosen People and Its God. By Dan Jacobson" (review), The New York Times, October 17, 1982.
• "Isaac Bashevis Singer's Jeremiad; The Penitent, By Isaac Bashevis Singer" (review), The New York Times, September 25, 1983.
• "Domestic Derangements; A Late Divorce, By A. B. Yehoshua Translated by Hillel Halkin" (review), The New York Times, February 19, 1984.
• "War Within the Walls; In the Freud Archives, By Janet Malcolm" (review), The New York Times, May 27, 1984.
• "His Long Ordeal by Laughter; Zuckerman Bound, A Trilogy and Epilogue. By Philip Roth" (review), The New York Times, May 19, 1985.
• "A Comedy of Worldly Salvation; The Good Apprentice, By Iris Murdoch" (review), The New York Times, January 12, 1986.
• "Freud, the Greatest Modern Writer" (review), The New York Times, March 23, 1986.
• "Passionate Beholder of America in Trouble; Look Homeward, A Life of Thomas Wolfe. By David Herbert Donald" (review), The New York Times, February 8, 1987.
• "The Book of the Father; The Messiah of Stockholm, By Cynthia Ozick" (review), The New York Times, March 22, 1987.
• "Still Haunted by Covenant" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine. (review), The New York Times, January 31, 1988.
• "New Heyday of Gnostic Heresies" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, April 26, 1992.
• "A Jew Among the Cossacks; The first English translation of Isaac Babel's journal about his service with the Russian cavalry. 1920 Diary, By Isaac Babel" (review), The New York Times, June 4, 1995.
• "Kaddish; By Leon Wieseltier" (review), The New York Times, October 4, 1998.
• "View; On First Looking into Gates's Crichton", The New York Times, June 4, 2000.
• "What Ho, Malvolio! Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine.'; The election, as Shakespeare might have seen it", The New York Times, December 6, 2000.
• "Macbush" (play), Vanity Fair, April 2004.
• "The Lost Jewish Culture" Diarsipkan 2010-01-05 di Wayback Machine., The New York Review of Books 54/11 (June 28, 2007) : 44–47 [reviews The Dreams of the Poem: Hebrew Poetry from Muslim and Christian Spain, 950–1492, translated, edited, and with an introduction by Peter Cole
• "The Glories of Yiddish" Diarsipkan 2010-01-05 di Wayback Machine. The New York Review of Books 55/17 (November 6, 2008) [reviews History of the Yiddish Language, by Max Weinreich, edited by Paul Glasser, translated from the Yiddish by Shlomo Noble with the assistance of Joshua A. Fishman]
• "Yahweh Meets R. Crumb Diarsipkan 2015-10-04 di Wayback Machine.", The New York Review of Books, 56/19 (December 3, 2009) [reviews The Book of Genesis, illustrated by R. Crumb]
• "Will This Election Be the Mormon Breakthrough?" Diarsipkan 2023-06-06 di Wayback Machine., The New York Times, November 12, 2011.
• "Richard III: Victim or Monster? Asks Harold Bloom" Diarsipkan 2023-07-09 di Wayback Machine., Newsweek, February 11, 2013.
• Introduction to The Invention of Influence by Peter Cole Diarsipkan 2021-12-03 di Wayback Machine., The Tablet, January 21, 2014.

Referensi

1. "Faculty - English". Yale University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-03-22. Diakses tanggal March 27, 2018. 
2. "Harold Bloom". Oxford Bibliographies. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-10-19. Diakses tanggal April 2, 2021. 
3. Miller, Mary Alice. "How Harold Bloom Selected His Top 12 American Authors". Vanity Fair. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-07-12. Diakses tanggal March 27, 2018. 
4. Romano, Carlin (April 24, 2011). "Harold Bloom by the Numbers – The Chronicle Review". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-04-09. Diakses tanggal June 25, 2013. 
5. "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-12-20. Diakses tanggal 2021-12-20. 
6. Redfield, Marc (2003). "Literature, Incorporated". Dalam Herman, Peter C. Historicizing Theory. New York City: SUNY Press. hlm. 210. ISBN 978-0-7914-5962-1. 

Bacaan lanjutan

• Allen, Graham (1994). Harold Bloom: Poetics of Conflict. New York, NY: Harvester Wheatsheaf. 
• Basbanes, Nicholas A. (2005). Every Book Its Reader: The Power of the Printed Word to Stir the World. New York: HarperCollins. hlm. 224–238. 
• Bielik-Robson, Agata (2011). The Saving Lie: Harold Bloom and Deconstruction. Northwestern. ISBN 978-0-8101-2728-9. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
• Bloom, Harold (May 24, 2003). "The sage of Concord". The Guardian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-06-25. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• Bloom, Harold. "Article on Ralph Waldo Emerson". Guardian Unlimited. 
• Bloom, Harold. "Excerpts from various Bloom interviews". The Stanford Presidential Lecture Series. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-02-06. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• Bloom, Harold (September 24, 2003). "Dumbing down American readers". The Boston Globe. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-06-17. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• Bloom, Harold (July 11, 2000). "Can 35 Million Book Buyers Be Wrong? Yes". The Wall Street Journal.  His famous criticism of the Harry Potter series.
• Bloom, Harold (October 12, 2008). "Out of Panic, Self-Reliance". The New York Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-05-31. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• Bloom, Harold. "List of Bloom's contributions to The New York Review of Books". The New York Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-07-14. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• "Harold Bloom 1930–". Contemporary Literary Criticism. Contemporary Literary Criticism Series. 24. Detroit: Gale. 1983. hlm. 70–83. ISBN 9780810301115. 
• Burrow, Colin, "The Magic Bloomschtick" (review of Harold Bloom, The American Canon: Literary Genius from Emerson to Pynchon, edited by David Mikics, Library of America, October 2019, 426 pp., ISBN 978 1 59853 640 9), London Review of Books, vol. 41, no. 22 (21 November 2019), pp. 21–25. "Harold Bloom will be remembered as a great provoker – of thought, of laughter, and of resistance. He didn't permanently reconfigure the literary landscape, but the idiosyncratic path he tracked across it is one few could follow." (Final two sentences of Burrow's review, p. 25.)
• De Bolla, Peter (1988). Harold Bloom: Toward Historical Rhetorics. New York, NY: Routledge. 
• "Modern American Critics since 1955". Dictionary of Literary Biography. Gale. 67. 1988. 
• Fite, David (1985). Harold Bloom: The Rhetoric of Romantic Vision. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. 
• Moynihan, Robert (1986). A Recent Imagining: Interviews with Harold Bloom, Geoffrey Hartman, J. Hillis Miller, Paul De Man. Archon. 
• Saurberg, Lars Ole (1997). Versions of the Past—Visions of the Future: The Canonical in the Criticism of T.S. Eliot, F.R. Leavis, Northrop Frye, and Harold Bloom. New York, NY: St. Martin's Press. 
• Scherr, Barry J. (1995). D. H. Lawrence's Response to Plato: A Bloomian Interpretation. New York, NY: P. Lang. 
• Sellars, Roy; Allen, Graham, ed. (2007). The Salt Companion to Harold Bloom. Salt Publishing. ISBN 9781876857202. 
• "Interview with Bloom on NPR, regarding his book Jesus and Yahweh: The Names Divine". All Things Considered. NPR. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-03-02. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• "Interview with Bloom regarding his book How to Read and Why". The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. 2000. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-11-13. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• "God and Harold at Yale". Claremont Review. April 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 8, 2006.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Lesinska, Ieva (October 26, 2004). "Interview regarding Breakfast with Brontosaurus". Eurozine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 1, 2005. Diakses tanggal October 29, 2005.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Lydon, Christopher (September 3, 2003). "Radio interview". Harvard Law Weblogs. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-10-06. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• Rothenberg, Jennie (July 16, 2003). "Interview with Jennie Rothenberg". The Atlantic. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-12-02. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• Wood, James (May 1, 2006). "The Misreader". The New Republic. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-09. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 

Pranala luar

• Situs web resmi at Yale University
• Harold Bloom di Charlie Rose
• Kemunculan di C-SPAN
  • Epstein, Joseph I. (May 4, 2003). "In Depth with Harold Bloom". Interview. C-SPAN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-29. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02. 
• (Inggris) Karya atau profil mengenai Harold Bloom di perpustakaan (katalog WorldCat)
• (Inggris) Harold Bloom - Berita dan komentar di The New York Times
• Harold Bloom Diarsipkan 2014-06-20 di Wayback Machine. at Stanford Presidential Lectures
• Lamb, Brian (September 3, 2000). "How to Read and Why". Interview. Booknotes. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 4, 2012. Diakses tanggal December 27, 2011.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
• Oventile, Robert Savino (August 8, 2015). "Anarchic Transports: A Review of Harold Bloom's The Daemon Knows: Literary Greatness and the American Sublime". Review. Sobriquet Magazine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-11-20. Diakses tanggal 2022-03-02.