Distrik Thiruvananthapuram

Distrik Thiruvananthapuram
Trivandrum
Distrik
Dari atas, searah jarum jam:
Gedung Legislatif Kerala Niyamasabha Mandiram, pantai di Kovalam, pusat keramaian di daerah Attingal, sebuah kereta api yang tengah melintas dekat Stasiun Varkala, Jalan Raya Nasional India 66 di Akkulam, and Benteng Anchuthengu.
Julukan: 
Ibu kota IT Kerala
Koordinat: 8°29′N 76°56′E / 8.48°N 76.94°E / 8.48; 76.94
Negara India
Negara bagianKerala
Markas besarThiruvananthapuram
Pemerintahan
 • District CollectorNavjot Khosa, IAS[2]
Luas
 • Total2.192 km2 (846 sq mi)
Populasi
 (2011)
 • Total3.301.427[1]
Bahasa
 • ResmiMalayalam, Inggris
 • Literasi93.02%[3]
Demografi
Zona waktuUTC+5:30 (IST)
Kode ISO 3166IN-KL
IPM (2005)Kenaikan 0.773[4] ( High)
Situs webDistrik Thiruvananthapuram

Distrik Thiruvananthapuram adalah distrik paling selatan di Kerala, India.[5] Distrik ini beribu kota di kota yang bernama sama, yang juga merupakan ibu kota Kerala. Selain statusnya sebagai ibu kota negara bagian, Thiruvananthapuram berdasarkan survei oleh Indicus Analytics pada tahun 2007, adalah salah satu di antara "kota terbaik di india untuk tempat tinggal". Parameter yang digunakan antara lain keamanan, fasilitas publik, pendidikan, kesehatan, lingkungan, dan hiburan.[6]

Sejarah

Distrik ini dibentuk pada 1949, tujuh tahun sebelum terbentuknya Kerala. Wilayahnya yang sekarang merupakan hasil pengurangan wilayah distrik lama dengan melepas empat taluk paling selatan yang mayoritas warganya berbahasa Tamil untuk membentuk Distrik Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu pada tahun 1956. Distrik Thiruvananthapuram dibagi ke dalam enam taluk: Thiruvananthapuram, Chirayinkeezhu, Neyyattinkara, Nedumangadu, Varkala, and Kattakada.

Demografi

Thiruvananthapuram merupakan rumah bagi lebih dari 9% total populasi Kerala.[7] Menurut Sensus India 2011, Distrik Thiruvananthapuram memiliki populasi sebesar 3.301.427 jiwa. Hal ini menjadikannya sebagai distrik dengan populasi terbesar ke-2 di Kerala, setelah distrik Malappuram, serta yang terbesar ke-103 di antara 640 distrik di seluruh India.[8][9][10] Distrik ini memiliki luas 2.192 km2 dan kepadatan penduduk sebesar 1.509/km2, yang tertinggi di Kerala.[11]

Agama

Agama di Distrik Thiruvananthapuram (2011)[12]

  Hindu (66.46%)
  Kekristenan (19.10%)
  Islam (13.72%)

Hindu merupakan agama mayoritas yang dipeluk oleh penduduk Thiruvananthapuram, dengan persentase sebesar 66,4%. Angka persentse pemeluk Hindu di distrik ini berada di atas persentase pemeluk Hindu di Kerala yang berdasarkan data tahun 2011 berjumlah 54,7% dari total populasi.[13] Dua kelompok minoritas terbesar adalah penganut beragam aliran Kristen (19,10%) dan Islam (13,72%.[14] Angka persentase umat Kristiani di Thiruvananthapuram lebih tinggi dari persentase umat Kristiani se-Kerala yang berada pada angka 18,4%.[13] Ada pun persentase Muslim di distrik ini jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan persentase Muslim se-Kerala yang mencapai 26,6%.[13] Thiruvanathapuram pula sama dengan distrik-distrik lain di Kerala Bagian Selatan (Travancore), yakni populasi Kristiani mereka melebihi populasi Muslim. Bekas wilayah Travancore ini disebut sebagai tanah air bagi umat Kristiani di Kerala.[15]

Transportasi

Thiruvananthapuram terhubung dengan baik oleh transportasi darat ke seluruh Kerala maupunIndia melalui jalan raya dan jaringan rel kereta api. Distrik ini dilewati oleh Jalan Raya Nasional India 66 (NH66) sepanjang 80 km mulai dari Kaliyikkavila di ujung selatan hingga Navaikulam di ujun utara.[16] Tercatat bahwa Thiruvananthapuram memiliki 20 stasiun dan panjang rel di wilayah ini adalah 82 km.[17] Thiruvananthapuram district currently has 20 stations, including Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station.

Distrik Thiruvananthapuram dilayani oleh sebuah bandara internasional, Bandar Udara Internasional Trivandrum, yang merupakan bandara internasional kelima di India, yang diresmikan oleh Perdana Menteri V. P. Singh pada tahun 1991.[18] Selama 2018-2019, bandara yang terletak 3,7 km dari pusat kota Thiruvananthapuram ini melayani lebih dari 4,4, juta penumpang, menjadikannya bandara tersibuk kedua se-Kerala dan keempat belas di seluruh India.[19]

Ekonomi

Pertanian

Lebih dari setengah wilayah distrik ini berada pada hamparan atau dataran rendah. Tanaman utama yang dibudidayakan masyarakatnya meliputi padi, pisang tanduk, kelapa, sayur-mayur, serta ketela pohon dan umbi-umbian lainnya.[20]

Olahraga

Olahraga yang populer di kalangan warga Thiruvananthapuram adalah kriket dan sepak bola.[21]

Referensi

  1. ^ "Thiruvananthapuram District : Population 2011-2021". Sensus India 2011. Diakses tanggal 16 November 2021. 
  2. ^ "Who's Who". Distrik Trivandrum. Diakses tanggal 16 November 2021. 
  3. ^ Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala. District Census Handbook, Thiruvananthapuram (PDF). Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala. hlm. 22. Diakses tanggal 25 June 2020. 
  4. ^ "Kerala | UNDP in India". UNDP. 
  5. ^ "Thiruvananthapuram | District Profile". Diakses tanggal 16 November 2021. 
  6. ^ "Cities best to earn a living are not the best to live: Survey". The Times of India. 26 November 2007. 
  7. ^ "Population profile of Kerala - 2011". State Planning Board, Kerala. Government of Kerala. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-07-18. Diakses tanggal 2020-10-21. 
  8. ^ "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Diakses tanggal 24 October 2013. 
  9. ^ "About District | Website of Thiruvananthapuram District - The city of the Holy Anantha | India" (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-07-10. 
  10. ^ "CENSUS OF INDIA 2011" (PDF). PROVISIONAL POPULATION TOTALS INDIA, KERALA STATE AND DISTRICTS. Government of India. Diakses tanggal 24 April 2011. 
  11. ^ "CENSUS OF INDIA 2011" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals Kerala. Government of India. hlm. 45. Diakses tanggal 24 April 2011. 
  12. ^ "Religion – Kerala, Districts and Sub-districts". Census of India 2011. Office of the Registrar General. 
  13. ^ a b c "Population by religious communities". Census of India. Government of India. Diakses tanggal 26 August 2015. 
  14. ^ "Kerala Religion Data - Census 2011". www.census2011.co.in. Diakses tanggal 2017-10-11. 
  15. ^ O'Mahony, Anthony; Loosley, Emma, ed. (2010). Eastern Christianity in the Modern Middle East. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. hlm. 132. ISBN 0415548039. 
  16. ^ Infrastructure Roads Diarsipkan 16 October 2009 di Wayback Machine.
  17. ^ Rail Transport Diarsipkan 10 February 2012 di Wayback Machine.
  18. ^ "Thiruvananathapuram". Airports Authority of India. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 November 2010. 
  19. ^ "Traffic News for the month of March 2019: Annexure-III" (PDF). Airports Authority of India (dalam bahasa Inggris and Hindi). hlm. 4–5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 26 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 1 May 2019. 
  20. ^ Variety of Plants Diarsipkan 7 February 2009 di Wayback Machine.
  21. ^ "Football and Cricket – the Most Popular Games". Games in Kerala. Information and Public relations office of Kerala. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 April 2006. Diakses tanggal 29 May 2010. 

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