Arsitektur India

Taj Mahal, karya arsitektur termashyur India.

Arsitektur India adalah jenis arsitektur yang berkembang di India.[1][2] Tradisi membuat bangunan di kawasan anak benua India telah berawal sejak 2000 tahun Sebelum Masehi, sebagian besar ditujukan sebagai bangunan religius.[2] Bangunan-bangunan awal menampilkan kuil-kuil Buddha dan Hindu yang dibuat dari kayu dan selanjutnya denganbatu bata.[2]

Pada abad ke-4 SM, batu digunakan untuk mendirikan bangunan dan seterusnya keterampilan mengukir berkembang pesat di India.[2] Berbagai stupa besar dibangun bersamaan dengan kuil dalam gua dan biara-biara diukir dari batu-batu cadas.[2]

Pada Zaman Gupta (abad ke-4 sampai 6 Masehi), arsitektur kuil-kuil berkembang pesat dan sering kali didekorasi dengan ukir-ukiran yang indah.[2] India Utara memiliki ciri khas bangunan kuil yang khas dengan dekorasi yang ramai dan mencapai masa keemasannya pada abad ke-7 sampai 11 Masehi.[2]

Pada abad ke-11, pengaruh arsitektur Islam mulai melebar ke India yang ikut memperkenalkan seni arsitektur dan dekorasi Islam.[2] Salah satu karya agung tersebut adalah Taj Mahal yang didirikan pada masa Kesultanan Mughal (abad ke-16 sampai 18).[2] Masa selanjutnya, dengan kedatangan bangsa Inggris, seni arsitektur Eropa diperkenalkan ke India.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ Ancient Indian Architecture, crystalinks. Diakses pada 6 Mei 2010
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Steven, Mark A (2000). Merriam Webster's-Collegiate Encyclopedia. Merriam Webster, Inc , Springfield, Massachusetts. hlm. 800. ISBN 0-87779-071-5 Periksa nilai: checksum |isbn= (bantuan). 


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