貝魯西亞

貝魯西亞
الفرما
貝魯西亞在Egypt的位置
貝魯西亞
貝魯西亞
在埃及的位置
坐标：31°02′30″N 32°32′42″E / 31.04167°N 32.54500°E / 31.04167; 32.54500
國家 埃及
时区EST（UTC+2）
古代下埃及地圖，上面可以找到貝魯西亞

貝魯西亞（阿拉伯语：الفرما‎；科普特語：Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲛ or Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲏ；拉丁轉寫：Pelusium），或譯佩鲁希昂、佩魯修姆，是曾經位於尼羅河三角洲最東端的一座城市，位於今塞得港東南30 km（19 mi）處[1]。它曾是古埃及和羅馬的重要城市，主產亞麻，也曾是一個都主教教區。公元前525年，阿契美尼德王朝和埃及第二十六王朝之間在此爆發戰爭。前343年，波斯人和埃及人再度於此開戰。這兩次戰爭歷史上都稱為貝魯西亞戰役。1118年，鲍德温一世洗劫了这座古城。在随后的年月中，贝魯西亚迅速衰落，并逐渐被人遗忘。

名稱

在歷史上，它又被稱為Sena、Per-Amun[2]、Paramoun、Pelousion、Sin、Seyân、Tell el-Farama。威廉·史密斯說它可能就是希伯來聖經以西结书中提到的“Sin”，希臘語轉寫為（πήλος；Peromi），意思可能是“泥塑之城”（city made of mud）。[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Talbert, Richard J. A. (编). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 15 September 2000: 70, 74. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9. 
  2. ^ Grzymski, Krzysztof A. Pelusium: Gateway to Egypt. Pelusium: Gateway to Egypt. 1997. 
  3. ^  Donne, William Bodham. Pelusium. Smith, William (编). 希腊罗马地理学辞典 2. 伦敦: John Murray: 572–573. 1857. 

外部連接

英文维基文库中的《1911年版大英百科全書》條目：Pelusium

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