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上人

上人漢傳佛教對於出家人的一種敬稱,通常用於當成長老上座之稱號,類似於和尚喇嘛高僧大德尊者真人上師大師等。指内有智德、外有胜行的僧人,比如出类拔萃,在人之上,因此有了这个称谓。

概論

上人本義是指人上之人,與一般人相較,更為出眾而傑出的人[1][2][3][4]。後被當成是一種敬稱[5],如在《十誦律》中記載,阿闍世王在未登基為王前,稱調達為上人[6],《維摩詰經》中,文殊師利菩薩維摩詰為上人[7]。唐朝時,中國習慣以上人來作為僧人的敬稱。

日本的日蓮宗淨土真宗中,上人是個敬稱,位階低於聖人。日本平安時代,於864年(貞觀6年),設立了法橋上人這個僧位。在室町時代之後,天皇降旨,提及著名僧侶時,多稱其為上人。此後,民間習慣以上人來稱呼著名的僧人。

註釋

  1. ^ 賈誼《新書》〈修政語〉上:周成王曰:「寡人聞之:有上人者,有下人者;有賢人者,有不肖人者;有智人者,有愚人者。敢問上下之人,何以為異?」
  2. ^ 《十誦律》卷49:有四種人,一者麤人,二者濁人,三者中間人,四者上上人。……若僧斷事人,有羞善義善文句者,是名上人。
  3. ^ 《增壹阿含經》卷39:夫人處世,有過能自改者,斯名上人。
  4. ^ 鳩摩羅什譯《摩訶般若波羅蜜經》卷17:「阿惟越致菩薩摩訶薩為上人、不為下人。……若菩薩摩訶薩一心行阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,心不散亂,是名上人。以是行、類、相貌,當知是名阿惟越致相。」
  5. ^ 《釋氏要覽》卷1:「古師云:內有智德,外有勝行,在人之上,名上人。」
  6. ^ 《十誦律》卷36:爾時佛語阿難:「汝將從行比丘,入王舍城巷陌市肆多人住處唱言:『調達所作事,若身作口作,莫謂是佛事法事僧事。此是調達及弟子所作事。』」阿難受教,即將從行比丘詣王舍城,巷陌市肆多人住處唱言:「調達身作口作事,莫謂是佛事法事僧事,此調達及弟子所作事。」如是唱已,阿闍世太子內宮大官,聞是語作是念:「沙門瞿曇妬瞋調達故,令作是唱:『是上人調達,身口可作惡邪。』」
  7. ^ 《維摩詰所說經》卷中:爾時佛告文殊師利:「汝行詣維摩詰問疾。」文殊師利白佛言:「世尊!彼上人者,難為詶對。」

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