2020年唐山地震

2020年唐山地震
美国地质调查局发布的烈度分布图。五角星代表震中位置。
2020年7月12日唐山地震
日期2020年7月12日 (2020-07-12)
發生時間06:38:25UTC+8[1]
震级Ms 5.1[1]
震源深度10 km(6 mi)[1]
震中39°47′N 118°26′E / 39.78°N 118.44°E / 39.78; 118.44[1]
類型分支断层活动
影響地區 中国河北省北京市天津市
最大烈度   Ⅵ度(MMI,USGS[2]

2020年唐山地震指2020年7月12日上午6时38分25秒发生于中华人民共和国河北省唐山市古冶区的一场地震。震中位于北纬39.78°东经118.44°附近,震源深度10千米,震级Ms 5.1级,最大烈度为6(VI)度,河北、北京天津等地有震感。[1][3]随后分别于7时2分25秒和7时26分50秒发生了两次余震,震中均位于唐山市古冶区。[4][5]搜救排查结束,无人员伤亡报告。[6][7]因震区建筑抗震设防等级高于此次地震,建筑物受损程度普遍较低。[8]

构造背景

此次地震震中位于唐山老震区,是一次能量释放活动,发生于唐山断裂带、宁河-昌黎断裂带和蓟运河断裂带的交汇部位。1900年至今,震中100公里范围内共发生29次5.0级以上地震(含余震)。其中,有23次5.0-5.9级地震,4次6.0-6.9级地震,2次7.0-7.8级地震。震级最大的为1976年7月28日河北省唐山市丰南区7.8级地震(距离约57公里),时空最近的为1995年10月6日河北省唐山市滦县5.0级地震(距离约6公里)。[9][10]中国地震台网中心预报部副主任蒋海昆指出,结合震源机制和已有断层性质,这次地震可能是一个北西向的小的分支断层活动,而1976年唐山大地震是北东方向破裂。[9]中国地震台认为,此次地震属于唐山大地震的余震。[11]

震害情况

地震波到达前,多地开通相关服务的电视、手机等设备弹出地震预警警报,网友反映倒计时时间准确。[12]由于唐山地震频发,当地民众有丰富的防震经验,许多震区居民对此次地震习以为常,也有居民在梦中惊醒跑出户外避险,中国国内舆论反应较大。[13][14]

地震发生后,铁路部门即刻启动应急预案,扣停途径该地区的旅客列车,并对铁路设施进行检修。唐山当地消防队、地震队立刻集结赶赴震中救援,河北省消防救援总队按照实际地震等级上调2级(7.1级)要求,迅速启动重特大地震灾害一级响应预案。[7][15]铁路排查完成后,扣停旅客列车后已逐步恢复运行。[12]河北省地震局立即启动响应进行应急处理,中国地震局也随即开展应急处置工作。河北省人民政府亦启动III级应急响应,后下调为IV级;应急管理部启动地震灾害Ⅳ级应急响应。[12][16][17][6]唐山市多路消防队抵震中古冶区,并深入农村社区展开排查工作。[12]

中国移动表示,截至7时12分,中国移动河北公司唐山分公司除在古冶区域有一基站退服外,其他通信一切正常。[18]震中震感较强,有居民屋内墙面被震碎,商店货架商品散落。[19][16]地震造成少数老旧房屋开裂,当地社会秩序井然,民众情绪稳定。[20][6]至搜救排查工作结束未有人员伤亡报告。[7]震区建筑抗震设防烈度为八度,高于此次六度。中国地震台研判认为此次地震造成建筑物明显破坏的可能性不大。[8]

地震观测

2020年7月12日唐山地震(测得1.0级以上)[1][4][5]
时间 震级  位置  震源深度
06:38:25 5.1 39°47′N 118°26′E / 39.78°N 118.44°E / 39.78; 118.44 10
07:02:25 2.2 39°46′N 118°26′E / 39.76°N 118.44°E / 39.76; 118.44 15
07:26:50 2.0 39°47′N 118°28′E / 39.78°N 118.46°E / 39.78; 118.46 12

截至7月12日9时20分,共发生余震29个,2.0-2.9地震2个,1.0级以下27个。[10]

周边地区烈度观测响应[21]
位置 坐标 距离 烈度 观测站响应数
河北唐家庄 39°44′24″N 118°27′00″E / 39.740°N 118.450°E / 39.740; 118.450 11Km VI 2
河北唐山市 39°37′12″N 118°11′24″E / 39.620°N 118.190°E / 39.620; 118.190 31Km V 3
天津塘沽 39°00′00″N 117°40′12″E / 39.000°N 117.670°E / 39.000; 117.670 112Km III 3
天津港东 38°52′48″N 117°36′36″E / 38.880°N 117.610°E / 38.880; 117.610 125Km III 1
天津市 39°07′48″N 117°12′00″E / 39.130°N 117.200°E / 39.130; 117.200 131Km IV 5
河北承德 40°57′36″N 118°26′24″E / 40.960°N 118.44°E / 40.960; 118.44 137Km IV 2
北京通州 39°54′00″N 118°26′24″E / 39.900°N 118.44°E / 39.900; 118.44 156Km III 1
北京顺义 40°07′48″N 116°38′24″E / 40.130°N 116.640°E / 40.130; 116.640 160Km II 1
北京市 39°55′48″N 116°24′00″E / 39.930°N 116.400°E / 39.930; 116.400 177Km III 13
辽宁朝阳市 41°33′00″N 120°25′12″E / 41.550°N 120.420°E / 41.550; 120.420 255Km II 1

谣言

12日当天一则“唐山被震出裂缝”的视频在网络传播,唐山市城管局技术人员第一时间赶赴建设路进行勘察,经核实,现场道路平整、无裂缝,通行正常,视频中显示的阴影为之前道路日常灌缝养护留下的痕迹,不影响道路质量安全。[22][7]

参见

地震
該月其他自然灾害

参考

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 中国地震台. 河北唐山市古冶区5.1级地震. 中国地震台网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  2. ^ USGS. M 4.7 - 5 km NE of Zhaogezhuang, China. USGS. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  3. ^ 央视. 河北唐山附近地震 网友:天津北京河北有震感. 新浪新闻. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 中国地震台. 河北唐山市古冶区2.2级地震. 中国地震台网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-06). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 中国地震台. 河北唐山市古冶区2.0级地震. 中国地震台网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-06). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 新华社. 河北唐山古冶发生5.1级地震 暂无人员伤亡报告. 新华网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 新华网. 河北唐山5.1级地震 你关心的都在这里. 新华网. [2020-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-07). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 中国地震台网中心. 2020年7月12日河北唐山古冶5.1级地震概况. 中国地震局. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-22). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 新京报. 专家:今晨唐山地震属老震区正常活动,民众无需太过担心. 新京报网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 河北省地震局办公室. 唐山市古冶区5.1级地震应急情况(二). 河北省地震局. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-13). 
  11. ^ 专家解读:唐山本次地震属1976年地震余震 --社会--人民网. society.people.com.cn. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-17). 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 北京日报社. (滚动)河北唐山发生5.1级地震,系五年来周边最大,北京震感明显. 京报网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-14). 
  13. ^ 健康时报网. 唐山5.1级地震 当地居民:很淡定 对地震习以为常. 华商网. [2020-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-13). 
  14. ^ 东方今报. 唐山5.1级地震. 微博. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-14). 
  15. ^ 孙钊. 唐山5.1级地震铁路部门扣停途经车辆 检查铁路设施. 新京报网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-14). 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 中国新闻网. 河北唐山市古冶区发生5.1级地震 震源深度10千米. 中国新闻网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  17. ^ 中国地震局办公室. 中国地震局迅速开展河北唐山市古冶区5.1级地震应急处置工作. 中国地震局. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-22). 
  18. ^ 新浪财经. 河北唐山古冶区5.1级地震 中国移动:此区有一基站退服. 新浪财经. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  19. ^ 凤凰新闻. 河北唐山5.1级地震瞬间!监控摄像头剧烈晃动 墙壁瓷砖被震碎. 凤凰新闻. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  20. ^ 河北省人民政府. 唐山市古冶区发生5.1级地震 省政府启动三级应急响应. 河北省人民政府. [2020-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-13). 
  21. ^ USGS. DYFI Responses. USGS. [2020-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-13). 
  22. ^ 燕赵都市报冀东版. 震情快报 辟谣!唐山市建设路有裂缝!假的!. 搜狐网. [2020-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-16). 

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