血蓝蛋白

血藍蛋白
copper containing domain
Single Oxygenated Functional Unit from the hemocyanin of an octopus
鑑定
標誌Hemocyanin_M
PfamPF00372旧版
InterPro英语InterProIPR000896
PROSITE英语PROSITEPDOC00184
SCOP英语Structural Classification of Proteins1lla / SUPFAM
血藍蛋白
all-alpha domain
crystal structure of hexameric haemocyanin from panulirus interruptus refined at 3.2 angstroms resolution
鑑定
標誌Hemocyanin_N
PfamPF03722旧版
InterPro英语InterProIPR005204
PROSITE英语PROSITEPDOC00184
SCOP英语Structural Classification of Proteins1lla / SUPFAM
血藍蛋白
ig-like domain
crystallographic analysis of oxygenated and deoxygenated states of arthropod hemocyanin shows unusual differences
鑑定
標誌Hemocyanin_C
PfamPF03723旧版
InterPro英语InterProIPR005203
PROSITE英语PROSITEPDOC00184
SCOP英语Structural Classification of Proteins1lla / SUPFAM

血蓝蛋白(英語:Hemocyanin,又稱血青素血藍素銅藍蛋白)是一種與呼吸作用有關的蛋白質。這種蛋白質利用兩個銅原子(Cu)與一個氧分子(O2)連結,因為形成氧化態後會形成Cu2+,所以是藍色;在還原態時則因為形成(Cu+)而成為無色。[1]與存在於紅細胞中的血紅蛋白不同,血藍蛋白不附著于細胞,直接懸浮在血淋巴内。軟體動物與部分的節肢動物以血蓝蛋白來輸送氧氣。同樣具有類似功能的蛋白質有血紅蛋白,適用於生物低溫攜氧,在高溫情況下攜氧效果低。

大部份軟體動物(包括頭足綱腹足綱),以及像之類的節肢動物,血液是藍色的,其中含有含銅的血藍蛋白,濃度為每公升50克。在缺氧時血藍蛋白是無色的,在含氧時則為深藍色。軟體動物一般生活在寒冷且低氧的環境中,血藍蛋白呈灰白至淺黃色,當血藍蛋白接觸到空氣中的氧氣時會變成深藍色,這是因為血藍蛋白在空氣中被氧化的結果。血藍蛋白在細胞外液中輸送氧氣,和哺乳類紅血球中的血紅蛋白的原理不同。

參考文獻

  1. ^ Coates CJ, Nairn J. Diverse immune functions of hemocyanins. Dev. Comp. Immunol. July 2014, 45 (1): 43–55. PMID 24486681. doi:10.1016/j.dci.2014.01.021. 

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