胃灼熱

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关于与「胃灼熱」標題相近或相同的条目，請見「胃食道逆流」。
提示：此条目的主题不是胃痛或腹脹。
胃灼熱
Heartburn
又称pyrosis,[1] cardialgia
类型胸痛、burning sensation[*]、疼痛
分类和外部资源
醫學專科Gastroenterology
ICD-11MD95
ICD-10R12
ICD-9-CM787.1
MedlinePlus003114
MeSHD006356
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

胃灼熱[2]（英語：pyrosis）又称烧心[3]（heartburn）、酸性消化不良[4]（acid indigestion[5]），是在中胸部、中上腹部（英语：Epigastrium）、胸骨或剑突後產生的烧灼样不适或疼痛[6][7][8]。疼痛往往源於胸部且可放射到頸部，喉部，或下頜角，進食、晚上或躺下或彎腰時，疼痛通常會加重。

胃灼熱通常是由於胃酸及食物返流（胃反流）進入食管而且是胃食管反流疾病（GERD）的主要症狀，GERD會損壞食道，也可能導致巴瑞特氏 (Barretts) 食道，這是一種可導致癌症的細胞變化。[9]約有 0.6％ 的案例是屬於冠狀動脈疾病的症狀。[10]

定義

消化不良這個術語包括胃灼熱及一些其他的症狀[11]，也可定義為上腹痛與胃灼熱的複合症狀[12]。胃灼熱通常可與胃食管反流病互換使用，而非僅在描述胸部灼熱症狀[13]。

危險因子

  • 肥胖
  • 吸煙
  • 使用酒精
  • 進食後立即進行劇烈運動
  • 進食後躺下、彎腰或勞累
  • 懷孕
  • 之前進行的胃灼熱手術
  • 糖尿病
  • 硬皮病
  • 某些神經系統疾病
  • 鼻胃管留置

症狀

胃灼熱症狀常發生於暴食後，或飽餐後躺下時。症狀可持續數分鐘或數小時。

常見症狀包括：

  • 燒灼感，從下胸部開始，一直往上蔓延到咽喉 — 最常見症狀
  • 逆流 — 感覺食物回流
  • 咽喉感覺有酸味或苦味
  • 打嗝
  • 脹氣

重複的定期發作可能導致其他症狀，例如：

鑑別診斷

心臟

GERD

功能性胃灼熱

診斷方法

GI雞尾酒

生化

機械

治療

藥物治療

藥物可能有助於緩解症狀。有些還可以幫助修復損壞。它們可以治療已經開始的胃灼熱，或者可以幫助阻止開始的胃灼熱。可以從櫃檯購買許多胃灼熱藥，例如：

手術

嚴重的胃灼熱或對治療無反應的胃灼熱可能需要手術。

流行病學

大約42％的美國人口在人生的某些時間點上會患有胃灼熱。[14]

註釋

  1. ^ Pyrosis definition - MedicineNet - Health and Medical Information Produced by Doctors. MedicineNet. [19 November 2015]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-23）. 
  2. ^ 胃灼热. 术语在线. 全国科学技术名词审定委员会.  （简体中文）
  3. ^ 烧心. 术语在线. 全国科学技术名词审定委员会.  （简体中文）
  4. ^ 酸性消化不良. 樂詞網. 國家教育研究院 （中文（臺灣））. 
  5. ^ Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Adults. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. [2015-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-25）. 
  6. ^ 道兰氏医学词典中的heartburn
  7. ^ Differential diagnosis in primary care. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008: 211. ISBN 0-7817-6812-8. 
  8. ^ Pyrosis Medical Definition - Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary. merriam-webster.com. [24 July 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-25）. 
  9. ^ Heartburn. National Library of Medicine. [2015-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-12）. 
  10. ^ Kato H, Ishii T, Akimoto T, Urita Y, Sugimoto M. Prevalence of linked angina and gastroesophageal reflux disease in general practice. World J. Gastroenterol. April 2009, 15 (14): 1764–8. PMC 2668783 可免费查阅. PMID 19360921. doi:10.3748/wjg.15.1764. 
  11. ^ Duvnjak, edited by Marko. Dyspepsia in clinical practice 1. Aufl. New York: Springer. 2011: 2 [2016-08-25]. ISBN 9781441917300. （原始内容存档于2020-04-13）. 
  12. ^ Delaney B, Ford AC, Forman D, Moayyedi P, Qume M. Delaney, Brendan , 编. Initial management strategies for dyspepsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005, (4): CD001961. PMID 16235292. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001961.pub2. 
  13. ^ Sajatovic, Martha; Loue, Sana; Koroukian, Siran M. Encyclopedia of aging and public health. Berlin: Springer. 2008: 419. ISBN 0-387-33753-9. 
  14. ^ Kushner PR. Role of the primary care provider in the diagnosis and management of heartburn. Curr Med Res Opin. April 2010, 26 (4): 759–65. PMID 20095795. doi:10.1185/03007990903553812. 

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