空中客车129号班机空难

空中客車129號试飞機空難
與失事客機同型的泰航A330-300(編號HS-TEA),試飛時飛機上僅有泰航塗裝,但並未出現泰航的标志
事件概要
日期1994年6月30日
摘要機師失誤,失控
地點法國图卢兹-布拉尼亚克机场
43°38′6″N 1°21′30″E / 43.63500°N 1.35833°E / 43.63500; 1.35833
飞机概要
机型空中客車A330-321
營運者空中客车试飞部门
註冊編號F-WWKH
起飛地法國图卢兹-布拉尼亚克机场
目的地法國图卢兹-布拉尼亚克机场
乘客4
機組人員3
死亡7
生還者0

空中客車129號试飞機是一架於1994年6月30日試飛時墜毀的空中客車A330-321。當時這架A330正在進行單發動機失效時起飛的測試,試飛航班號為129。[1]這是涉及A330的第一次致命事故,也是A330首次發生全毀事故,在法國航空447號班機空難之前也是A330僅有的致命事故。[2]

涉事客機

試飛時墜毀的飛機是一架空中客車A330-321,使用空中客车作为交付客机测试期间的统一註冊編號F-WWKH,生產序列號為42,配備兩台普惠PW4164引擎,於1993年10月14日首飛[3],事發時機齡僅259天。該機原計劃交付給泰國國際航空,事發時亦披有不帶標識的泰航塗裝,[1]原定編號為HS-TEA,但這一註冊號於該機墜毀後被用於另一架A330-300上,测试期间的统一註冊編號为F-WWKI。[4][5]

事故

背景

此次試飛的目的是測試飛機在重心後限下的性能。[6] 而導致墜機的原因則是起飛後關閉一個引擎和一條液壓管路。[7]測試期間,飛機的自動駕駛系統的設置計劃使飛機飛到610米(2000英尺)的高度。[7]

墜機過程

這架A330正在進行重心後限下單發動機失效時的起飛測試。[8]飛機由副機長駕駛,而關閉一台發動機及液壓管路,啟動自動駕駛的操作由機長完成。[8][9]飛機成功起飛, 機長也將一台引擎和液壓系統關閉。而在啟動自動駕駛時[9],飛機開始上升至2000英尺。飛機抬升的角度過陡,使得其速度降至100節(190公里每小時),而此速度低於保持飛機可控所需的最低速度(118節)。[9]飛行員減小了正在運行的發動機推力,以平衡推力,但此舉反而加重了危險,飛機以15度角俯衝,並最終撞地。[1]機上7人全部死亡。

參見

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 航空安全网数据库上的事故资料
  2. ^ Accident record for the Airbus A330. Aviation Safety Network. [11 August 2011]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-27). 
  3. ^ Airbus A330 - MSN 42 - F-WWKH. Airfleets.net. [18 July 2012]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-31). 
  4. ^ Thai Airways International - Thai Aviation History (PDF). [2014-03-25]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04). 
  5. ^ Airbus To Brief Customer In Wake Of A330 Test-Flight Crash. 西雅图时报. 1994-07-20 [2014-03-25]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-29). 
  6. ^ Learmount, David. Autopilot test ends in A330 take-off crash. Flight International. 6 July 1994 – 12 July 1994, 146 (4428): 4. ISSN 0015-3710. (原始内容存档于2012-07-18). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Learmount, David. A330 crash caused by series of small errors. Flight International. 10 August 1994 – 16 August 1994: 6 [18 July 2012]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-07-18). Immediately after take-off, the captain then carried out the test procedures: autopilot engage, throttle-back port engine and trip circuit-breaker for blue hydraulic circuit. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Learmount, David. Airbus wary over A330 changes. Flight International. 17 August 1994 – 23 August 1994: 4 [18 July 2012]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-07-18). 

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