畫皮

畫皮
作者蒲松齡
类型子部小說家類
版本鑄雪齋抄本
成书年代康熙年間
發行信息
出版時間1740年 编辑维基数据
出版地點中华人民共和国

畫皮》,是中国清代小说家蒲松龄的著作其中之一篇,出自短篇小說集《聊齋志異》的第一卷40回[1]

《畫皮》是《聊齋志異》中,同時亦是中國古代鬼故事中最著名的作品之一,從清代至今依然是家傳戶曉。時至近代,《畫皮》魅力未減,經改編成小說、戲曲、電視劇、電影,膾炙人口,為人所熟悉[2]

故事大綱

聊斋图说》之《画皮》的第二帧“窥窗见鬼”

太原有一個王生,在路上碰到一個逃家的美貌妙齡女子,神魂顛倒便收留了她,又告知了太太陳氏。陳氏勸王生送走她,王生不聽。

王生在市場碰到一個道士,道士問他有沒有遇到什麼事,說他邪氣纏身。王生對女子生了懷疑,但又想明明是個漂亮女子,怎麼會是妖怪?回到家,見門鎖著,心裡疑惑,就越牆到窗邊偷看。看見一個惡鬼,面色翠綠,牙齒有如鋸子,正提着彩筆在人皮上塗繪,繪罷穿上人皮,變成了女子。王生大驚,趕緊回頭去找道士。

道士不忍殺生,給了王生一把蠅拂,叫他掛在寢室門口。那女子看到蠅拂不敢進去,咬牙切齒,許久才走了。沒多久又回來,罵道:「難道入了口還要吐出來?」就打碎了蠅拂,破了寢門,上床剝開王生胸腔挖心而去。王生死了,其妻第二天叫他弟弟二郎去找道士。道士來了,發現惡鬼化成老嫗躲在二郎家裡,用木劍打脫她的人皮,化為了厲鬼。道士斬下厲鬼的首級,其身體就化為濃煙,被道士收進葫蘆之中。

陳氏哭求道士救活王生,道士自稱道行低淺,但指點陳氏,到市場上求一個瘋子,受辱也不要發怒。陳氏前往市場,在道上見到一個乞丐顛狂高歌,污穢得難以靠近。陳氏向乞丐求助,乞丐調戲陳氏,隨後遭到乞丐諸般刁難。乞丐又氣著說:「人死乞我來救,我是閻王嗎?」,毆打之,圍觀群眾越來越多,乞丐又要陳氏把自己的一口痰吃了。陳氏雖然很為難,但還是把痰吃了,只覺那口痰哽在喉不下去,像一團棉絮結在自己胸中。乞丐此時突然拂袖,不顧而去,陳氏追到了廟中,卻再找不到了。遭到羞辱回家後,為王生收拾屍體,一時難過哭得聲嘶,突然想嘔,胸中那團東西已沖了出來,掉落在丈夫胸腔之內,原來是一顆人心。陳氏急急用雙手把丈夫胸膛抱合,又撕布帛束好他身體。王生身體漸暖,又有了鼻息,待到天明,竟然重新活了過來。[3]

異史氏(蒲松齡在《聊齋志異》的自稱)道:「世人太愚昧!明明是妖邪的,偏偏以為是美麗。愚人又太迷茫!明明是信實的,偏偏以為是胡言。要是貪戀別人美貌就謀求要得到,自己妻子也將要甘心吃下別人的唾液了。天道循還,唯有愚昧執迷的人不能明白,真是可哀啊!」[4][5]

「畫皮」之意

  • 現代漢語詞典》:傳說中妖怪偽裝美女時披在身上的人皮,可以取下來描畫。比喻掩蓋猙獰面目或醜惡本質的美麗外表。
  • 國語辭典》:鬼怪用畫成美女的人皮披在身上騙人害命。比喻掩蓋醜惡實質的美麗外表。

改編作品

電影

電影 上映年份 地點 導演 主演
畫皮 1966年 香港 鮑方 高遠朱虹陳娟娟
鬼叫春 1979年 香港 李翰祥 岳華胡錦焦姣
畫皮之陰陽法王 1993年 香港 胡金銓 鄭少秋王祖賢洪金寶
畫皮 2008年 中國大陸香港 陈嘉上 甄子丹周迅趙薇陳坤
畫皮II 2012年 中國大陸 烏爾善 趙薇陳坤周迅馮紹峰楊冪費翔陳廷嘉
聊斋新编之画皮新娘 2016年 中國大陸 摩撒利 殷果儿丁汇宇徐千京刘小奇

電視劇

戲曲

  • 《畫皮》,2018年臺北新劇團的新編京劇,由京劇旦角兆欣執導、主演。

绘画

  • 聊斋图说》之《画皮》:光绪年间绘制,共5帧。其中第二帧题为“窥窗见鬼”,描绘的是王生在窗外偷看,发现一绿皮恶鬼在用毛笔在美女人皮上绘画。[6][7]

漫画

画皮酱/画皮ちゃん! ちろたた的漫画

鬼太郎

參考

  1. ^ 蒲松龄 .《聊斋志异·画皮》 .天津 :天津古籍出版社 ,2004年 :36-37 .
  2. ^ 王恒展:《聊斋志异·画皮》本事考补. [2013-12-27]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-27). 
  3. ^ 王溢嘉(民 88)《聊齋搜鬼》(p.126-129) 台北:野鵝出版社
  4. ^ 畫皮. [2013-12-27]. (原始内容存档于2015-04-06). 
  5. ^ 蒲松齡《聊齋誌異‧畫皮》 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2008-10-10.
  6. ^ 徐小蕾著. 发现中国印记系列 师法造化夺天工. 北京: 北京少年儿童出版社. 2017: 171. ISBN 978-7-5301-4829-7. 
  7. ^ 慈禧珍爱"小人书"曝光 系其60大寿唯一看中贺礼. 羊城晚报. 2013-05-15 [2023-04-17]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-17) –通过中新网. 

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