沃夫1061

沃夫1061
觀測資料
曆元 J2000
星座 蛇夫座
星官
赤經 16h 30m 18.05803s[1]
赤緯 –12° 39′ 45.3232″[1]
視星等（V） 10.10[2]
特性
光谱分类M3 V
U−B 色指数+1.20[2]
B−V 色指数+1.60[2]
变星类型None
天体测定
徑向速度 (Rv)–21.22[3] km/s
自行 (μ) 赤经：–94.81[1] mas/yr
赤纬：–1183.43 mas/yr
视差 (π)232.98 ± 1.60[1] mas
距离14.00 ± 0.10 ly
(4.29 ± 0.03 pc)
绝对星等 (MV)11.96[來源請求]
詳細資料
質量0.25[4][5] M☉
半徑0.26[4] R☉
亮度 (bolometric)0.0079[4] L☉
亮度 (visual, LV)0.0014 L☉
溫度3,380 ± 20[5] K
金属量 [Fe/H]–0.02 ± 0.17[5] dex
其他命名
BD -12°4523, G 153-058, GCTP 3746.00, GJ 628, HIP 80824, LHS 419, Vys（英语：Alexander Vyssotsky） 164.

沃夫1061（蛇夫座V2306）是一颗光譜型M型的紅矮星，位于蛇夫座中。它距离太阳相对较近，只有13.8光年。它的自行较大，達到每年1.2角秒。和許多紅矮星一樣的是，它的自轉週期可能長達100日以上，雖然精確週期仍難以精確量測。沃夫1061是非常穩定的恆星，並且沒有明顯的星斑或耀斑等表面活動[6]。至今尚未发现沃夫1061有任何异常的光谱学特征[7]。該恆星最早於1919年由德國天文學家馬克斯·沃夫出版的高自行暗星星表中被收入，並編為第1061顆恆星[8]。

行星系統

2015年12月，澳洲新南威爾斯大學的天文學家宣布發現沃夫1061的3顆系外行星。這三顆行星是分析歐洲南方天文台位於智利拉西拉天文台ESO 3.6米望遠鏡搭載的高精度徑向速度行星搜索器攝譜儀對沃夫1061觀測10年的資料後宣布發現的。發現這3顆行星的團隊應用以沃夫1061的光譜觀測資料測定徑向速度，並使用自動化全天巡天（英语：All Sky Automated Survey）的8年測光（英语：Photometry (astronomy)）觀測資料確認了軌道週期約4.9和17.9日的行星存在，並可能存在軌道週期67.3日的第三顆行星[7]。

發現的3顆行星質量都不高，被認為是以岩石組成為主的類地行星，雖然精確體積與密度仍未知。可是，行星的體積可在沃夫1061的行星通過母恆星與地球之間，發生凌星現象時確認。因為3顆行星的軌道都很靠近母恆星，並且週期很短，可能會發生凌星現象。新南威爾斯大學的團隊推測3顆行星凌星機率分別是1061b大約14%，c大約6%，d則是3%[7]。

其中一顆行星沃夫1061c是位於母恆星適居帶內側邊緣（範圍在0.073至0.190天文單位之間）附近的超級地球[9]。它是至今距離地球最近的潛在適居行星[10][11][12]。距離母恆星更遠的沃夫1061d軌道剛好在適居帶外緣以外不遠處，如果大氣層成分允許的話，也可能是適居行星[7]。

沃夫1061的行星系[7]
成員
(依恆星距離) 		质量 半長軸
(AU) 		轨道周期
(天) 		離心率 傾角 半径
b 1.36 ± 0.23 M⊕ 0.035509 ± 0.000007 4.8876 ± 0.0014 unknown — 1.44 (estimated) R⊕
c 4.25 ± 0.37 M⊕ 0.08427 ± 0.00004 17.867 ± 0.011 0.19 ± 0.13 — 1.64 (estimated) R⊕
d 5.21 ± 0.68 M⊕ 0.2039 ± 0.0002 67.27 ± 0.12 0.32 ± 0.16 — 2.04 (estimated) R⊕

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 van Leeuwen, F. Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2007-11, 474 (2) [2022-08-19]. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. ISSN 0004-6361. arXiv:0708.1752 可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. （原始内容存档于2020-07-23）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Mermilliod, J. -C. Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished). Catalogue of Eggen's UBV data. 1986-01-01 [2022-08-19]. Bibcode:1986EgUBV........0M. （原始内容存档于2022-08-17）. 
  3. ^ Nidever, David L.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Butler, R. Paul; Fischer, Debra A.; Vogt, Steven S. Radial Velocities for 889 Late‐Type Stars. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 2002-08, 141 (2) [2022-08-19]. Bibcode:2002ApJS..141..503N. ISSN 0067-0049. arXiv:astro-ph/0112477 可免费查阅. doi:10.1086/340570. （原始内容存档于2022-10-24） （英语）. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Wright, D.J; Wittenmyer, R.A.; Bentley, C.G.; Riedel, J.S.; Jinglin, Zhao. Three planets orbiting Wolf 1061. 17 December 2015. arXiv:1512.05154v1 可免费查阅 [astro-ph.EP]. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Covey, Kevin R.; Muirhead, Philip S.; Lloyd, James P. METALLICITY AND TEMPERATURE INDICATORS IN M DWARF K -BAND SPECTRA: TESTING NEW AND UPDATED CALIBRATIONS WITH OBSERVATIONS OF 133 SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD M DWARFS. The Astrophysical Journal. 2012-04-01, 748 (2) [2022-08-19]. Bibcode:2012ApJ...748...93R. ISSN 0004-637X. arXiv:1112.4567 可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/748/2/93. （原始内容存档于2022-08-19）. 
  6. ^ 儘管如此，沃夫1061還是有變星編號V2306 Oph，並且被分類為光變幅度在視星等10.05至10.10之間的天龍座BY型變星。參見：Samus, N. N.; et al, General Catalogue of Variable Stars (2007−2015), [2015-12-18], （原始内容存档于2018-10-10）. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Three planets orbiting Wolf 1061 (PDF). Newt.phys.unsw.edu.au. [17 December 2015]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-14）. 
  8. ^ Wolf, M. Katalog von 1053 staerker bewegten Fixsternen (Catalog of 1053 moving fixed stars). Veroeffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg. June 1919, 7 (10): 195–219. Bibcode:1919VeHei...7..195W （德语）. 
  9. ^ Stellar habitable zone calculator. University of Washington. [17 December 2015]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-24）. 
  10. ^ Davison, Cassy L.; White, Russel J.; Henry, Todd J.; Riedel, Adric R.; Jao, Wei-Chun; Bailey III, John I.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Justin R., Cantrell; John P., Subasavage; Jen G., Winters. A 3D Search for Companions to 12 Nearby M-Dwarfs. 2015. arXiv:1501.05012 可免费查阅 [astro-ph.SR]. 
  11. ^ Sarah Griffiths. 'Super-Earth' is spotted just 14 light years away: Wolf 1061c is the closest 'habitable' planet outside our solar system ever found. Daily Mail. 17 December 2015 [2015-12-20]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-06）. 
  12. ^ Stuart Gary. Potentially habitable super-Earth discovered orbiting star 14 light years from Earth. ABC News (Australia). 17 December 2015 [2015-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2017-06-09）. 

外部链接

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：沃夫1061

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