堇青石

堇青石
堇青石原石,意大利产
基本資料
類別矽酸鹽
化学式(Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18
性質
顏色蓝色、蓝紫色;无色、微黄白色、绿色、褐色等
晶体惯态短柱状;假六方柱状
晶系斜方晶系
雙晶雙晶
解理{010}中等解理、{100}和{001}不完全解理
断口参差状至次贝壳状
莫氏硬度7 - 7.5
光澤玻璃光泽
條痕白色
透明性透明至半透明
比重2.61(±0.05)
光學性質二轴晶负光性
折射率1.542 - 1.551(+0.045,-0.011)
双折射0.008 - 0.012
多色性肉眼可见强三色性:黄紫色、黄色、蓝色
色散率0.017
發光性惰性
吸收光譜Fe吸收譜,426nm和645nm存在弱吸收带

堇青石(英語:礦物學Cordierite寶石學Iolite;舊稱Dichroite),是一種矽酸鹽礦物,在矿物学上属于绿柱石族,由變質岩演變而成,當中包含花崗岩的成份。其化學成分是(Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18,其中为完全类质同象代替,摩氏硬度為7。

作為寶石用途其硬度雖然不低,但由於其特殊的生長性質,結晶本體容易產生破裂造成受損,不過其中優質的顏色可以媲美丹泉石。由于堇青石可具有像蓝宝石一样的蓝色,也有人称其为“水蓝宝石”(Water sapphire)。

形态

堇青石屬於斜方晶系,它的完好晶体一般呈现短柱状,但不常见;高温时属于六方晶系,常见假六方柱状;也常见水蚀卵石状产出。堇青石的双晶也非常常见。

光学性质

堇青石的颜色非常丰富,宝石级堇青石为蓝色和蓝紫色,其它也可呈无色、微黄白色、绿色、褐色和灰色等。一般为半透明至透明。

堇青石虽然色散微弱,仅达0.0171,但具有肉眼可见的強多色性,为黄紫色、紫色和蓝色。

堇青石的折射率为1.542~1.551,与其成分中镁和铁的比例有关,富含Mg时折射率偏低,富含Fe时折射率偏高。

包裹体

常见矿物包体赤铁矿针铁矿石墨及气液包体。

斯里兰卡所产的一种堇青石包体主要为赤铁矿和针铁矿,颜色为红色,绝大多数颗粒呈板状或针状且定向排列。当这些包体大量出现时,堇青石呈现红色,这种堇青石被称为“血射堇青石”。

特殊光学效应

堇青石刻面

根据堇青石内部包体分布的情况,这一类宝石也能罕见地出现星光效应猫眼效应砂金效应

文化

藍寶石青金石同時屬於9月誕辰石

堇青石的矿物学名称Cordierite来自法国地质学家科尔迪埃(P L A Cordier,1777~1861)。其旧称Dichroite来自希腊文“双色”。宝石学中的称呼Iolite来自希腊文中的Violet,意思是呈美好的紫罗兰色

产状&产地

堇青石属于典型的变质矿物,主要产自片岩片麻岩、蚀变火成岩和接触变质岩中,宝石级的堇青石常赋存于富含镁的蚀变岩或砂矿中。

宝石级堇青石主要产于斯里兰卡、马达加斯加加拿大格陵兰苏格兰英格兰挪威坦桑尼亚芬兰美国加利福尼亚州怀俄明州等。

參閱

外部連結

Read other articles:

Museo-casa natale di Giacomo Puccini UbicazioneStato Italia LocalitàLucca IndirizzoCorte San Lorenzo 9 Coordinate43°50′35.89″N 10°30′05.49″E / 43.843303°N 10.501526°E43.843303; 10.501526Coordinate: 43°50′35.89″N 10°30′05.49″E / 43.843303°N 10.501526°E43.843303; 10.501526 CaratteristicheTipoteatro, musica, letteratura e arti grafiche Intitolato aGiacomo Puccini Istituzione1979 Visitatori12 894 (2021) Sito web Modifica dati su W...

 

State highway in Pennsylvania, US Pennsylvania Route 664Route informationMaintained by PennDOTLength17.591 mi[1] (28.310 km)Existed1930–presentMajor junctionsSouth end PA 120 in Lock HavenNorth end PA 44 in Haneyville LocationCountryUnited StatesStatePennsylvaniaCountiesClinton, Lycoming Highway system Pennsylvania State Route System Interstate US State Scenic Legislative ← PA 663→ PA 666 Pennsylvania Route 664 (PA 664, designated by ...

 

 Nota: Se procura pelo clube de futebol profissional, veja Associação Académica de Coimbra – Organismo Autónomo de Futebol.  Nota: Briosa redireciona para este artigo. Para o clube de futebol brasileiro, veja Associação Atlética Portuguesa. Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N •...

1989 Quebec general election ← 1985 September 25, 1989 1994 → ← outgoing members125 seats in the 34th National Assembly of Quebec 63 seats were needed for a majorityTurnout75.02% (0.67%)   First party Second party Third party   EP Leader Robert Bourassa Jacques Parizeau Robert Libman Party Liberal Parti Québécois Equality Leader since October 15, 1983 March 18, 1988 1989 Leader's seat Saint-Laurent L'Assomption D'Arcy-McGee Last elec...

 

Wappen Deutschlandkarte ? Hilfe zu Wappen 51.01583333333312.3725Koordinaten: 51° 1′ N, 12° 22′ O Basisdaten Bestandszeitraum: 1992– Bundesland: Thüringen Landkreis: Altenburger Land Fläche: 80,7 km2 Einwohner: 7653 (31. Dez. 2022)[1] Bevölkerungsdichte: 95 Einwohner je km2 Kfz-Kennzeichen: ABG, SLN Verbandsschlüssel: 16 0 77 5005 Verbandsgliederung: 8 Gemeinden Adresse der Verbandsverwaltung: Altenburger Straße 48...

 

село Бобрик Перший Країна  Україна Область Одеська область Район  Подільський район Громада Любашівська селищна громада Код КАТОТТГ UA51120130080088963 Облікова картка Бобрик Перший  Основні дані Засноване 1392[1] Населення 3034 Поштовий індекс 66531 Телефонний код +380 4864 Г...

Sigmaringen Lambang kebesaranLetak Sigmaringen di Sigmaringen NegaraJermanNegara bagianBaden-WürttembergWilayahTübingen KreisSigmaringen Subdivisions6Pemerintahan • MayorThomas SchärerLuas • Total92,85 km2 (3,585 sq mi)Ketinggian580 m (1,900 ft)Populasi (2012-12-31)[1] • Total15.517 • Kepadatan1,7/km2 (4,3/sq mi)Zona waktuWET/WMPET (UTC+1/+2)Kode pos72488Kode area telepon07571, 07570 (Gutenstein), 07...

 

Cet article est une ébauche concernant Londres. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Monument aux femmes de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Le Monument aux femmes de la Seconde Guerre mondiale (en anglais : Monument to the Women of World War II) est un monument situé à Whitehall, près du Cénotaphe, à Londres. Il rend hommage aux femmes qui ont participé à l'effort de guerre lors de la Seconde ...

 

Musical artist (born 1969) In this Portuguese name, the first or maternal family name is Lima and the second or paternal family name is da Silva. Inês BrasilBrasil in 2016BornInês Tânia Lima da Silva (1969-10-25) October 25, 1969 (age 54)Rio de Janeiro, BrazilCitizenshipBrazilGermanyOccupations Singer songwriter dancer Years active1991–presentMusical careerGenres Samba Funk carioca MPB InstrumentsVocalsLabelsIndependentWebsiteinesbrasil.tv Musical artist Inês Tânia Lima d...

Pour les articles homonymes, voir BAU. Jonction de l’autoroute M4 en Irlande, avec une ligne jaune continue délimitant la bande d’arrêt d’urgence La bande d'arrêt d'urgence (BAU), est une zone dégagée de tout obstacle, sur autoroute entre autres, et généralement bordée à l’extérieur d’une berme engazonnée[1]. Elle est spécialement réalisée pour permettre, en cas de nécessité, l'arrêt ou le stationnement des véhicules. Cette zone correspond à la bande dérasée qui...

 

Gregory Meeks Gregory Weldon Meeks (lahir 25 September 1953) adalah seorang politikus Amerika Serikat yang menjabat sebagai anggota DPR mewakili New York sejak 1998. Ia adalah anggota Partai Demokrat. Pranala luar Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Gregory Meeks. Congressman Gregory W. Meeks Diarsipkan 2022-11-10 di Wayback Machine. official U.S. House website Gregory Meeks for Congress Diarsipkan 2022-11-09 di Wayback Machine. Gregory Meeks di Curlie (dari DMOZ) Biografi di Biographic...

 

Aly GoniAly Goni saat peluncuran Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 9Lahir25 Februari 1991 (umur 32)Bhaderwah, Jammu dan Kashmir, JammuKebangsaanIndianPekerjaanAktor, ModelTahun aktif2012–sekarangDikenal atasYeh Hai Mohabbatein, Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 9 Aly Goni (lahir 25 Februari 1991) adalah aktor dan model televisi India. Dia dikenal karena memerankan Raj di Kuch Toh Hai Tere Mere Darmiyaan dan Romesh Romi Bhalla di Yeh Hai Mohabbatein dan untuk tampil dalam acara realita...

Spanish conquistador Martín GaleanoCoat of arms of the Galeano familyBornUnknownGenoa orValencia del Mombuey, Badajoz, CastileDiedUnknownVélez, New Kingdom of GranadaNationalityCastilianOccupationsConquistadorYears active1536-?EmployerSpanish CrownKnown forSpanish conquest of the MuiscaSpanish conquest of the GuaneFounder of Vélez, Oiba & CharaláSpouses Unnamed Isabel Juan de Meteller ChildrenMar(t)ina Galeano (daughter)RelativesPedro Galeano (brother)Ángela Jiménez Galean...

 

Paifang kaca di pintu masuk Guozijian Beijing. Istana Biyong di dalam Guozijian. Ruang baca Kaisar dengan singgasana kekaisaran. Sebuah kamar yang dilengkapi dengan instrumen tradisional Tiongkok. Guozijian Beijing (Hanzi tradisional: 北京國子監; Hanzi sederhana: 北京国子监; Pinyin: Běijīng Guózǐjiān; Wade–Giles: Pei-ching Kuo-tzu-chien), terletak di Jalan Guozijian, Beijing, Tiongkok, adalah perguruan tinggi nasional Tiongkok selama Dinasti Yuan, Dinasti Ming...

 

Sacred motet by Schein Wie lieblich sind deine WohnungenSacred motet by Johann Hermann ScheinThe composerEnglishHow lovely is your dwelling placeTextPsalms 84:2–4LanguageGermanComposed1628 (1628)VocalSSATB Wie lieblich sind deine Wohnungen (How lovely is your dwelling place) is a sacred motet for four voices that Johann Hermann Schein, Thomaskantor in Leipzig, composed in 1628, setting verses 2–4 of Psalm 84 in German. History Johann Hermann Schein was Thomaskantor in Leipzig...

Cultural, historical and legal aspects of religions in Lebanon Religion in Lebanon (2020) (CIA World Factbook)[1]   Islam (63.1%)  Christianity (32.4%)  Druze (4.5%)  Judaism (0.11%) Saint George Maronite Cathedral and the Mohammad Al-Amin Mosque, Beirut. Christian Church and Druze Khalwa in Shuf Mountains: Historically, the Druzes and the Christians in the Shuf Mountains lived in complete harmony.[2] Lebanon is an eastern Mediterranean ...

 

Nora Aunor et Sharon Cuneta, lauréates du prix de la meilleure actrice, lors de la cérémonie des FAMAS en 1985. Les Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards (FAMAS Awards) sont les distinctions annuelles décernées par la Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences (FAMAS), organisation composée d'auteurs et de chroniqueurs primés pour leur réalisation dans le cinéma philippin pendant une année civile. Histoire Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplè...

 

Опис файлу Опис Джерело Автор зображення Ліцензія див. нижче У цього зображення немає: опису інформації про автора інформації про джерело Якщо ви маєте таку інформацію чи маєте до неї доступ, будь ласка, додайте її на сторінку опису зображення. Для сповіщення завантажува...

Film studio complex in Hyderabad, India Ramoji Film CityEntrance to Ramoji Film CityTypePrivately held companyIndustryMotion picturesFounded1996FounderRamoji RaoHeadquartersAbdullahpurmet, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaKey peopleRamoji RaoParentRamoji GroupWebsiteramojifilmcity.com Ramoji Film City is an integrated film studio facility located in Abdullahpurmet, Hyderabad, India. Spread over 1,666 acres (674 ha),[1][2] it is the largest film studio complex in the world[3]...

 

Art Deco Mayan Revival style arthouse theater in Denver The Mayan Theatre in Denver, Colorado dates from the 1930s The Mayan Theater (110 Broadway, Denver, Colorado) is a movie house that opened in 1930 and was part of the Fox Theater Corporation and Fox Intermountain Theaters. Its life as a Fox Theatre is denoted on top of its neon marquee. As with many theaters across the U.S., it ran an A and B slate of films throughout the day. During the Great Depression, the theater held grocery nights ...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!