回历新年

回历新年（阿拉伯语：رأس السنة الهجرية‎），也称伊斯兰历新年、伊斯兰新年等，伊斯兰历中每年开始的第一天，穆哈兰姆月的第一天，回历年计数将在该日增加。回历新年在部分国家和地区为法定节假日，但对于多数穆斯林来说仅为普通的一天，穆斯林通常仅通过宣讲或者阅读回顾穆罕默德于公元622年率穆斯林由麦加迁徙到麦地那的历史来加以纪念，重要性远低于伊斯兰教两大节日古尔邦节(宰牲節)和肉孜节(開齋節)[1]。

名称

中文中，回历和伊斯兰历、伊斯兰教历的含义相同，新年与元旦的含义相同，因此该日被称为“回历新年”[2][3]、“伊斯兰历新年”[4]、“伊曆新年”[5]、“回历元旦”[6]或“伊历元旦”[7]等名称。英文中“伊斯兰新年”被称为“Islamic New Year”（伊斯兰新年）、“Hijri New Year”（希吉拉新年）或“Arabic New Year”（阿拉伯新年）。

法定节假日

在马来西亚，回历新年（Awal Muharam或Maal Hijrah[6][8]）是由联邦和州政府共同宪报公布的全国公共假日，全国各地在节日当天放假一天[9]。在菲律宾被称为“Amun Jadid”，为穆斯林假日[10]。

在巴基斯坦[11]、 阿拉伯联合酋长国[12][13]、 伊拉克[14]、 科威特[15]、 叙利亚[16]、 黎巴嫩[17]、 约旦[18]、 巴林[19]、 也门[20]、 埃及[21]、 利比亚[22]、 突尼斯[23]、 摩洛哥[24]、 苏丹[5]、 吉布提[25]、 索马里[26]、 印度尼西亚[27]、 文莱[28] 等国，该节日也是法定假日。

参考资料

  1. ^ 伊斯兰历新年. 伊斯兰历查询. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-18）. 
  2. ^ 2019年回历新年补假通告. 新山宽柔中学资讯网. 2019-08-24 [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-31）. 
  3. ^ 土耳其总理祝贺回历新年的到来. 土耳其广播电视总台官方网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  4. ^ 沙特禁止进口大部分旧物品. 国际市场: 69. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 风俗禁忌. 中华人民共和国驻苏丹共和国大使馆. 2019-04-25 [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 2020与2021年回历元旦. Public Holidays Global. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-02）. 
  7. ^ 演唱会碰上伊历元旦祈祷仪式 Puspal公开回应改时指责. 透视大马. 2019-08-26 [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  8. ^ 开斋节系列（完结篇）：伊斯兰历新年在Awal Muharram. 东方日报. 2015-07-18 [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  9. ^ 1951年假期法令（第369号法令），Holidays Act 1951 [Act 369]
  10. ^ 菲律宾 Amun Jadid of Philippines. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-08）. 
  11. ^ 驻卡拉奇总领馆经商室. 巴基斯坦公众假期. 中华人民共和国商务部. 2016-08-15 [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-09-16）. 
  12. ^ List of holidays. Government.ae. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-29）. 
  13. ^ 2019年阿联酋公共假日. Holidays Global. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-21）. 
  14. ^ 伊拉克伊斯兰新年. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  15. ^ 科威特伊斯兰新年. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-15）. 
  16. ^ 叙利亚伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-27）. 
  17. ^ 黎巴嫩穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  18. ^ 约旦法定节假日、约旦公共假期、约旦传统节日表. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-23）. 
  19. ^ 巴林伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  20. ^ 也门伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  21. ^ 埃及穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-26）. 
  22. ^ 利比亚伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-21）. 
  23. ^ 突尼斯伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  24. ^ 摩洛哥伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-16）. 
  25. ^ 吉布提伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  26. ^ 索马里伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 
  27. ^ 印尼伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）. 
  28. ^ 文莱伊斯兰新年/穆哈兰姆月. 时间网. [2019-11-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. 

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