卡纳维拉尔角空军基地41号航天发射台

41号航天发射复合体
SLC-41鸟瞰图,正在发射宇宙神5号,运送新视野号冥王星
名称卡纳维拉尔角空军基地
地点28.531986°N
80.566821°W
简称SLC-41
所属美国空军
总发射数98
发射台数1
最小/最大
轨道倾角
28° - 57°
状态使用中
首次发射大力神3C运载火箭,1965年12月21日
最后发射火神运载火箭, 2024年1月8日
相关运载器大力神3号
大力神4号
宇宙神5号

卡纳维拉尔角空军基地41号航天发射复合体 [1][2](SLC-41),即以前的41号发射复合体 (LC-41)是位于美国佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角梅里特岛的航天发射中心。 该发射场目前被美国联合发射联盟用来发射宇宙神5号火神运载火箭。以前也被美国空军用来发射大力神3号大力神4号

除了卫星,LC-41在20世纪70年代也发射过许多探测器,包括到太阳的太阳神探测器,到火星的海盗探测器旅行者号行星飞越和深空探测。

近年来从LC-41发射的探测器都使用宇宙神五号: 2005年8月发射的火星勘测轨道飞行器,2006年1月发射的新视野号,2011年8月发射的朱诺号,2011年11月发射的的好奇号,以及2020年7月的毅力号

2024年1月8日,火神运载火箭携带Peregrine月球着陆器在LC-41成功首飞。

发射历史

其第一次发射是在1965年12月21日,发射大力神3C,运载了四个独立载荷。

除了卫星,LC-41在20世纪70年代也发射过许多探测器,包括到太阳的太阳神探测器,到火星的海盗探测器旅行者号行星飞越和深空探测。

LC-41也是大力神4号进行处女航的地方。 大力神系列的最后一次发射是在1999年4月9日,大力神4B将USA 142预警卫星送入太空。 然而这次发射以失败告终,上面级与卫星分离失败,导致携带的一颗国防支援计划导弹探测卫星(DSP)未能进入预定轨道。

在泰坦火箭项目结束后,SLC-41又准备用于支持宇宙神5号的发射。在DSP卫星发射失败几个月后,SLC-41的固定和移动服务塔被拆除,新的宇宙神5号发射台开始建造。在发射台西南位置建成了一座新的垂直集成设施(VIF),它替代了原本由SLC-40与SLC-41共用的垂直集成建筑。宇宙神5号在VIF中装配完成后由移动平台送往发射台。[3]

尽管设计上宇宙神5号是从没有永久服务塔的简洁发射台起飞,但考虑到将来波音星际航线飞船运输乘员前国际空间站的需要,发射工位会建设一座载人发射服务塔。

载人飞行

在2015年九月,发射台开始改造以支持载人航天与波音星际航线[4]·[5] 改造包括增加载人发射服务塔,提供进入太空舱的通道,以进行发射前处理,机组人员进入和紧急逃生。[4]

发射记录

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020


参见

  • 梅里特岛发射场列表

参考来源

  1. ^ McDowell, Jonathan. Issue 350. Jonathan's Space Report. Jonathan's Space Page. 1998-02-22 [2009-07-09]. (原始内容存档于2010-05-03). 
  2. ^ USAF Supports NASA's Dual Lunar Exploratory Missions. [2009-08-18]. (原始内容存档于2011-06-13). 
  3. ^ Complex 41. www.robsv.com. [2020-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-27). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Gebhardt, Chris. Canaveral and KSC pads: New designs for space access. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2015-10-08 [2015-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-09). 
  5. ^ 存档副本. [2020-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-25). 

外部链接

28°35′00″N 80°34′59″W / 28.583457°N 80.583°W / 28.583457; -80.583

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