克里莫夫VK-1

Климов ВК-1 (РД-45)
克里莫夫 VK-1 渦輪噴射發動機
一具從米格-15bis戰鬥機(c-n 1B01524)拆下的克里莫夫 VK-1 渦輪噴射發動機
類型渦輪噴射發動機
原產國 苏联
設計克里莫夫
生產GAZ 116 工廠
生產年份1947年
主要應用米格-15戰鬥機
米格-17戰鬥機
伊爾-28戰術轟炸機
產量675具(至1999年1月)
衍生自勞斯·萊斯尼恩引擎
衍生型涡喷-5發動機
技術數據
長度2,600毫米(100英寸)
最大直徑1,300毫米(51英寸)
淨重872公斤(1,922英磅)
压缩机離心式
燃燒室9級管狀燃燒室
渦輪單級軸流
性能數據
最大推力最大推力:26.5千牛頓(6,000英磅力)
耗油率109.1 kg/(kN·h) (1.07 lb/(lbf·h))
推重比3.1:1

克里莫夫VK-1发动机是苏联首款量产的喷气式发动机,由弗拉基米尔·克里莫夫仿照英国罗尔斯·罗伊斯股份有限公司尼恩引擎制造,后中华人民共和国仿照克里莫夫VK-1制造了涡喷-5发动机。罗尔斯·罗伊斯尼恩引擎是英国首相克莱门特·艾德礼为改善英苏关系而赠与苏联的,但前提是不得用于军用。苏联随后将其仿制改进为VK-1并用于米格-15米格-17伊尔-28的制造。

歷史

1946年,艾德禮邀請了一批蘇聯科學家和工程師到英國。這批專家曾向英方表示,希望可以到訪勞斯萊斯的飛機引擎製造工廠,並參觀由法蘭克·惠特爾設計的尼恩引擎。斯大林曾私下表示沒有「白痴願意售賣自己的秘密」,而英國皇家空軍亦表達強烈反對。但是在極左的貿易委員會主席,斯塔福·克里普斯爵士的籌劃下,蘇方的科學隊伍最終仍悉數取得他們所需的資料。而艾德禮本人更同意向蘇聯贈送40部「尼恩」飛機引擎。結果,蘇聯人不久以後即憑尼恩引擎,秘密地改良出克里莫夫VK-1引擎,並使用於米格-15戰鬥機(蘇方沒有繳納版權費)。1950年朝戰爆發,蘇聯更把這種機派到北朝鮮,迫使美軍不能再在該區派出B-29轟炸機,也使聯合國對南朝鮮的制空權受到很大威脅[1]

参考资料

  1. ^ Gordon, Yefim, Mikoyan-Gurevich MIG-15: The Soviet Union's Long-Lived Korean War Fighter, Midland Press (2001)

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