Henry III của Anh

Henry III của Anh
Vua Anh
Tại vị19 tháng 10 năm 1216 – 16 tháng 11 năm 1272
Đăng quang28 tháng 10 năm 1216, Gloucester
17 tháng 5 năm 1220, tu viện Westminster
Nhiếp chínhWilliam Marshal, đệ nhất bá tước Pembroke (1216–1219)
Hubert de Burgh, đệ nhất bá tước Kent (1219–1227)
Tiền nhiệmJohn của Anh Vua hoặc hoàng đế
Kế nhiệmEdward I Vua hoặc hoàng đế
Thông tin chung
Sinh(1207-10-01)1 tháng 10 năm 1207
Lâu đài Wincheste, Hampshire
Mất16 tháng 11 năm 1272(1272-11-16) (65 tuổi)
Westminster, London
An tángWestminster Abbey, London
Phối ngẫuEleanor xứ Provence
Hậu duệEdward I của Anh
Margaret, hoàng hậu của Scots
Beatrice, nữ bá tước Richmond
Edmund Crouchback
Katherine của Anh
Hoàng tộcPlantagenet
Thân phụJohn của Anh
Thân mẫuIsabelle I xứ Angoulême

Henry III của Anh (1 tháng 10 năm 1207 - 16 tháng 11 năm 1272), còn được gọi là Henry Winchester, là vua của nước Anh, Lãnh chúa của Ireland và Công tước xứ Aquitaine từ năm 1216 cho đến khi ông qua đời. Là con trai của vua John và Isabella của Angoulême,. Henry lên ngôi vua lúc lên 9 ở giữa của cuộc chiến tranh các nam tước đầu tiên. Đức Hồng y Guala tuyên bố cuộc chiến chống lại các nam tước nổi loạn là một cuộc thập tự chinh tôn giáo và các lực lượng Henry, do William Marshal chỉ huy, đánh bại quân nổi dậy ở các trận đánh của Lincoln và Sandwich trong 1217. Henry hứa sẽ tuân thủ Đại hiến chương 1225, trong đó hạn chế quyền lực hoàng gia và bảo vệ quyền của các nam tước lớn. Giai đoạn đầu thời kỳ cai trị của ông đã được chi phối bởi Hubert de Burgh và sau đó Peter des Roches, những người tái lập vương quyền sau chiến tranh. Trong năm 1230 nhà vua đã cố gắng chiếm lại các tỉnh của nước Pháp đã từng thuộc về cha mình, nhưng cuộc xâm lược là một thất bại. Một cuộc nổi dậy do con trai William Marshal, Richard, nổ ra vào năm 1232, kết thúc bằng một hiệp định hòa bình thương lượng của Giáo hội.

Chú thích

Sách tham khảo

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