İskoçya'nın Koruyucusu

III. Kral Alexander'in ölümünden sonra Krallık Hükümeti için atanan Büyük Mühür.

İskoçya Koruyucuları, 1286'dan 1292'ye ve 1296'dan 1306'ya kadar İskoçya Krallığı'nı yöneten naiplerdi. İskoçya'nın sonraki tarihindeki azınlık yılları boyunca birçok İskoçya muhafızı görev yapmış ve bu makam ülkedeki siyasetin gelişim sürecinde önemli bir anayasal özellik olmuştur.

1286-1292 yılları arasındaki Birinci Interregnum döneminde İskoçya'nın koruyucuları

Birinci Interregnum, 1286 yılında İskoçya Kralı III. Alexander'in ölümü üzerine başladı. Alexander'ın hayatta kalan tek torunu, küçük bir çocuk olan ve babası II Eric'in kral olduğu Norveç'te yaşayan Norveç'in Hizmetçisi Margaret'ti. Sonunda 1290 yılında Büyük Britanya'ya gönderildi, ancak İskoçya'ya varamadan öldü. İskoçya'nın bir sonraki kralı 1292'de bir hakemlik tamamlanana kadar belirlenemedi.

Birinci Interregnum sırasında aşağıdaki kişiler vasi olarak görev yapmıştır:

Birgham'da toplanan 1290 tarihli İskoç Parlamentosu'nun Salisbury Antlaşması'nı onaylayan bir mektubunda (Eski Fransızca yazılmış) İskoçya'nın koruyucuları şu şekilde sıralanmaktadır:[1]

"... Guillaume de Seint Andreu et Robert de Glasgu evesques, Johan Comyn et James Seneschal de Escoce, gardeins du reaume de Escoce..."

Türkçe çevirisi: "St Andrews piskoposu William [Fraser] ve Glasgow piskoposu Robert [Wishart], John Comyn ve İskoçya vekilharcı James, İskoçya krallığının koruyucuları".

İkinci Interregnum 1296-1306 Döneminde İskoçya Koruyucuları

İskoçya Krallığı Koruyucuları
Koruyucu
(Görev süresi)
Sör William Wallace
(1297–1298)
Sör I. Roibert
(1298–1300) 		III. John Comyn
(1298–1301) 		—
William de Lamberton
(1299–1301)
Sör Ingram de Umfraville
(1300–1301)
Sör John de Soules
(1301–1304)

II. David'in küçüklüğü ve hükümdarlığı sırasındaki koruyucular

II David'in küçüklüğü ve hükümdarlığı sırasında Koruyucular şunlardı:

II. Robert dönemindeki koruyucular

Kral II. Robert'in hastalığı sırasında muhafızlar:

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Margaret: Manuscript - 1290, 14 March, Birgham - Parliamentary Records - Letters: confirmation of the treaty of Salisbury" (fro ve İngilizce). Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707, University of St Andrews. 16 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 3 Ekim 2009. 

Kaynaklar

  • Mack, James Logan (1926). The Border Line. Pub. Oliver & Boyd. pp. 317–322.
  • McNaught, Duncan (1912). Kilmaurs Parish and Burgh. Pub. A.Gardner. p. 9.

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