Sončev mrk 21. junija 2020

Sončev mrk
21. 06 2020
Kolobarjasti mrk iz mesta Beigang, Yunlin, Tajvan
Zemljevid
Vrsta mrka
NaravaKolobarjasti
Gama0,1209
Magnituda0,994
Največji mrk
Trajanje38 sec (0 m 38 s)
Koordinate30,5N 79,7E
Največ. širina razpona21 km (13 mi)
Časi (UTC)
Največji mrk6:41:15
Sklici
Saros137 (36 od 70)
Katalog # (SE5000)9553

21. junija 2020 se je zgodil kolobarjasti sončev mrk. Sončev mrk nastane, ko Luna prečka črto med Zemljo in Soncem, in torej popolno ali delno zastre sliko Sonca za opazovalca na Zemlji. Kolobarjasti sončev mrk se zgodi, ko je Lunin navidezni premer manjši kot Sončec, kar zastre večino Sončeve svetlobe in povzroči, da Sonce izgleda kot kolobar (obroč). Kolobarjasti mrk se pojavi kot delni mrk na več kot tisoč kilometrov širokem področju širom Zemlje.

Ta sončev mrk se je zgodil eno lunarno leto za mrkom 2. julija 2019.

Vidljivost in opazovanje

Središčna pot kolobarjastega mrka prečka dele Afriške celine, med drugim Srednjeafriško republiko, Kongo in Etiopijo; jug Pakistana in severno Indijo; in Kitajsko.[1] Delni mrk je bil viden tisoče kilometrov vstran središčne poti.

Slovenijo je tudi delni mrk zgrešil, a le za malo, saj se je Luna dotaknila Sonca na jugu Raba, severneje pa ne. (Toda na jugu Raba ni bilo nobenega spektakla; za boljši pogled je bilo treba iti južneje).

Za Oman in Indijo je bil to drugi kolobarjasti mrk v zadnjem letu; nazadnje se je mrk tam zgodil pred 6 meseci (decembra 2019).[2]

Animirana pot mrka.

Galerija

Povezani mrki

Mrki leta 2020

Tzolkineks

Pol-saroški cikel

Tritos

137. sončev saros

Ineks

Triada

Sončev mrki mrki v obdobju 2018–2021

Ta mrk je del semestrskih serij. Mrk v ciklu Sončevih mrkov se ponovi na približno vsakih 177 dni in 4 ur (en semester) na izmeničnih vozlih Luninega tira.[3]

Opomba: Delna sončeva mrka 15. februarja 2018 in 11. avgusta 2018 sta se zgodila med prejšnjo semestrsko serijo.

137. saros

Mrk je del 137. saroškega cikla, ki se ponovi na vsakih 18 let in 11 dni, vsebuje pa 70 mrkov. Serija se je začela z delnim sončevim mrkom 25. maja 1389. Saros ima popolne mrke od 20. avgusta 1533 do 6. decembra 1695, prvi nabor hibridnih mrkov od 17. decembra 1713 do 11. februarja 1804, prvi nabor kolobarjastih mrkov od 21. februarja 1822 do 25. marca 1876, drugi nabor hibridnih mrkov od 6. aprila 1894 do 28. aprila 1930 ter drugi nabor kolobarjastih mrkov od 9. maja 1948 do 13. aprila 2507. Serija se konča s 70. članom, ki bo delni mrk 28. junija 2633. Najdaljše trajanje popolnosti je 2 minuti in 55 sekund 10. septembra 1569. 137. sončev saros ima 55 senčnih mrkov od 20. avgusta 1533 do 13. aprila 2507 (973,62 let). To je skoraj 1 tisočletje!

Serije ineks

Mrk je del dolgega cikla ineks, ki se ponavlja na izmeničnih vozlih na vsakih 358 sinodskih mesecih (≈ 10.571,95 dni ali 29 let minus 20 dni). Njihov izgled in širina so nepravilni, ker niso sinhronizirani z anomalističnim mesecem (perigejeva perioda). Skupine 3 ciklov ineks (≈ 87 let minus 2 meseca) si pridejo blizu (≈ 1,151.02 anomalističnih mesecev), torej so mrki podobni v teh skupinah. V 18. stoletju:

  • 127. sončev saros: Popolni sončev mrk 8. januarja 1731
  • 128. sončev mrk: Kolobarjasti sončev mrk 19. decembra 1759
  • 129. sončev saros: Kolobarjasti sončev mrk 27 novembra 1788

V 23. stoletju:

  • 144. sončev saros: Kolobarjasti sončev mrk 1. februarja 2223
  • 145. sončev saros: Popolni sončev mrk 12. januarja 2252
  • 146. sončev saros: Kolobarjasti sončev mrk 12. decembra 2280

Metonske serije

Metonov niz ponovi mrke na vsakih 19 let (6939,69 dni). Traja približno 5 ciklov. Mrki se zgodijo v skoraj enakem koledarskem datumu. Oktonski podnizi se ponovijo na 1/5 časa trajanja Metonovega cikla, oziroma na vsakih 3,8 let (1387,94 dni).

Vsi mrki na tej tabeli se zgodijo na Luninem dvižnem vozlu.

Opombe

  1. »Annular Solar Eclipse on June 21, 2020«. www.timeanddate.com (v angleščini). Pridobljeno 26. decembra 2019.
  2. World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths
  3. van Gent, R.H. »Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present«. A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Pridobljeno 6. oktobra 2018.

Viri

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