The South Kermadec Ridge Seamounts are a chain of underwater volcanic formations located along the Kermadec Ridge, in the Pacific Ocean. This region marks the convergent boundary where the Pacific Plate subducts beneath the Indo-Australian Plate, forming the Kermadec Trench, one of the deepest oceanic trenches in the world.[1][2]
The seamounts are part of a larger volcanic island arc system that became active during the Quaternary period. The Kermadec Ridge extends southwest from the Kermadec Islands towards New Zealand's North Island, and northeast towards Tonga.[3][4][5]
The South Kermadec Ridge Seamounts are part of a relatively young oceanic arc-back-arc system in the Kermadec Arc - Havre Trough, and include several significant seamounts with varying depths:
The Brothers Seamount features two large calderas, formed during a major volcanic eruption in 1360 ± 75 CE. Rumble III Seamount is the largest of the Rumbles seamount chain and has experienced multiple eruptions, the most recent being on 2 July 2008.
Other significant seamounts in the area include:
The Rumble III Seamount has erupted multiple times, with notable eruptions occurring on:
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