Newfoundland and Labrador

Newfoundland and Labrador Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador (French)[1]
Province
Flag Coat of arms
Motto(s):  Quaerite prime regnum Dei  (Latin) "Seek ye first the kingdom of God" (Matthew 6:33)
BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL YT NT NU
Coordinates: 53°13′48″N 59°59′57″W[2]
Country	Canada
Confederation	March 31, 1949 (12th)
Capital	St. John's
Largest city	St. John's
Largest metro	Greater St. John's
Government
• Type	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Lieutenant governor	Joan Marie Aylward
• Premier	Andrew Furey (Liberal)
Legislature	Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
Federal representation	Parliament of Canada
House seats	7 of 338 (2.1%)
Senate seats	6 of 105 (5.7%)
Area
• Total	405,212 km^2 (156,453 sq mi)
• Land	373,872 km^2 (144,353 sq mi)
• Water	31,340 km^2 (12,100 sq mi)  7.7%
• Rank	Ranked 10th
	4.1% of Canada
Population  (2021)
• Total	510,550[3]
• Estimate  (2025 Q1)	545,579[4]
• Rank	Ranked 9th
• Density	1.37/km^2 (3.5/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Newfoundlander Labradorian (see notes)[5]
Official languages	English (de facto)[6]
GDP
• Rank	8th
• Total (2011)	CA$33.624 billion[7]
• Per capita	CA$65,556 (5th)
HDI
• HDI (2021)	0.900[8]—Very high (13th)
Time zones
Newfoundland	UTC-03:30 (Newfoundland Time Zone)
Labrador (Black Tickle and North)	UTC-04:00 (Atlantic Time Zone)
Postal abbr.	NL (formerly NF)
Postal code prefix	A
ISO 3166 code	CA-NL
Flower	Pitcher plant
Tree	Black spruce
Bird	Atlantic puffin
Rankings include all provinces and territories

Newfoundland and Labrador (French: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is a province on the East Coast of Canada, and is the farthest east of all Canadian provinces and territories. The capital of Newfoundland and Labrador is St. John's. In 2021, 510,550 people lived in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Newfoundland is an island, while Labrador is within the mainland of Canada and on a border with Quebec.

History

The province of Newfoundland and Labrador was originally called Newfoundland and joined Canada in 1949, becoming the newest province of Canada, after being a colony of the United Kingdom. Until an agreement was reached in 1927, Quebec also claimed Labrador.

In 2001, the name of Newfoundland changed to its new official name, Newfoundland and Labrador, while the postal code abbreviation changed from NF to NL. The island of Newfoundland, and part of Labrador, are in a time zone that is a half hour off from any other part of North America.

References

1. "Place names – Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador". Natural Resources Canada. Archived from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
2. "Newfoundland and Labrador". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
3. "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
4. "Population estimates, quarterly". Statistics Canada. March 19, 2025. Retrieved March 19, 2025.
5. Although the term Newfie is sometimes used in casual speech, some Newfoundlanders consider it a pejorative.
6. "The Legal Context of Canada's Official Languages". University of Ottawa. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
7. "Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, by province and territory (2011)". Statistics Canada. November 19, 2013. Archived from the original on September 19, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2013.
8. "Sub-national HDI". Global Data Lab. Archived from the original on July 18, 2021. Retrieved July 18, 2021.