Alanine

Alanine
Alanine in non-ionic form
L-Alanine
Names
IUPAC name
Alanine
Other names
2-Aminopropanoic acid
Identifiers
  • 338-69-2 (D-isomer) checkY
  • 56-41-7 (L-isomer) checkY
  • 302-72-7 (racemic) checkY
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.249
EC Number
  • 206-126-4
KEGG
UNII
Properties
C3H7NO2
Molar mass 89.09 g·mol−1
Appearance white powder
Density 1.424 g/cm3
Melting point 258 °C (496 °F; 531 K) (sublimes)
167.2 g/L (25 °C)
log P -0.68[1]
Acidity (pKa)
  • 2.34 (carboxyl; H2O)
  • 9.87 (amino; H2O)[2]
-50.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Alanine (abbreviated as Ala or A)[3] is an α-amino acid. It has the chemical formula CH3CH(NH2)COOH.

The L-isomer is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the genetic code. Its codons are GCU, GCC, GCA, and GCG. It is classified as a non-polar amino acid.[4]

L-Alanine accounts for 7.8% of the primary structure in a sample of 1,150 proteins.[5][6] Leucine is the only amino acid which is more common.

D-Alanine occurs in bacterial cell walls and in some peptide antibiotics.

References

  1. "L-alanine_msds".
  2. Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. p. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.
  3. Nomenclature and symbolism for amino acids and peptides. IUPAC-IUB Recommendations 1983. Pure Appl. Chem. 56 (5), 1984: 595–624.
  4. Non-polar: electrons shared so that there is no difference in electric charge between different parts of the molecule.
  5. Doolittle, R. F. (1989), "Redundancies in protein sequences", in Fasman, G. D. (ed.), Prediction of protein structures and the principles of protein conformation, New York: Plenum, pp. 599–623, ISBN 0-306-43131-9
  6. Primary structure: the exact specification of its atomic structure and its chemical bonds.

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