Royal Mile

Royal Mile
Ryal Mile
Pogled na centralnu ulicu High Street
Pogled na centralnu ulicu High Street
Pogled na centralnu ulicu High Street
Država  UK
 Škotska

Royal Mile (škotski: Ryal Mile) slobodno prevedeno kraljevska milja, je ime spleta ulica u historijskom centru Edinburgha, odnosno Starom gradu.[1] Ime su mu dali novinari krajem 19. vijeka, pa se već početkom 20. potpuno udomaćilo za pješačku turu, kojom turisti obiđu sve najznačajnije znamenitosti starog Edinburgha, počevši od Edinburškog zamka do palače Holyrood i ruševina opatije Holyrood. Ova tura iznosi jednu škotsku milju (to je oko 1.81 km (a ne kao obična milja 1.609 km) i nije teška za obilazak pa se zato tako i zove, jer povezuje dva kraljevska dvorca. Royal Mile je najposjećenija tura, kojoj jedino donekle konkurira ulica Princes (Princes Street) u Novom gradu.

Karakteristike

Royal Mile formira nekoliko ulica srednjovjekovnog porijekla: Castlehill, Lawnmarket (u njoj su nekad seljaci prodavali svoju robu), High Street, Canongate (nazvana po augustinskim redovnicima[1]) i Abbey Strand. Royal Mile počinje sa ulicom Castlehill koja se spušta od parka Edinburškog zamka sve do Palače Holyrood na istoku. Augustinska opatija Holyrood i royal burgh Edinburgh prvi put se spominju u razdoblju od 1124. do 1127. godine, a nastali su za vladavine kralja Davida I.[1]

Katedrala na Royal milu

Na sredini Royal Mila leži Katedrala sv Gilesa (High Kirk of Edinburgh) to je danas jednobrodna neogotička bazilika s kraja 19. vijeka, sa zvonikom iz 15. vijeka, na vrhu kojeg je otvorena kupola u obliku krune koju nosi osam kontrafora.[1] Iza katedrale na Trgu Parlamenta leži stara Palača parlamenta, podignuta kao Gradska vijećnica između 1632. i 1639. godine.

Sam trg podignut je na mjestu starog groblja na kojem je bio pokopan John Knox, najslavniji lik škotske reformacije. U zgradi parlamenta danas stoluje Škotski vrhovni građanski i kazneni sud (High Court of Justiciary). Pored nje se nalazi palača Škotske nacionalne biblioteke, nasljednik Advokatske biblioteke, osnovane krajem 17. vijeka u kojoj je filozof David Hume bio bibliotekar.[1]

Pogled iz zraka na Royal mile

Nasuprot katedrale prema istoku leži palača Gradske privredne komore. Ta palača podignuta je 1761. kao Kraljevska burza, ali se nikad nije koristila u te svrhe.[1] Nekih 90 metara dalje prema istoku leži Tron Kirk, podignuta od 1637. do 1647. kao druga crkva nakon škotske reformacije.[1]

Kamene kuće na Royal milu

Među značajnim objektima duž High Streeta i Canongata je palača John Knox, u neposrednoj blizini Netherbowa, glavnih vrata kraljevskog grada do 18. vijeka.[1] U njoj se danas nalazi muzej, njena fasada je navjerojatnije iz polovine 16. vijeka, dok su dijelovi kuće podignuti još u 15. vijeku.

Ostale značajne građevine su Palača Moray iz 17. vijeka u kojoj je danas pedagoški fakultet, barokna crkva Canongate (1688. - 1690), na čijem groblju su pokopani pjesnik Robert Fergusson i ekonomist Adam Smith, Palača Acheson (1633), u kojoj se danas nalazi Škotski centar primijenjene umjetnosti, Palača Huntly, u kojoj je gradski muzej, Canongate Tolbooth iz 1591., Palača Queensberry iz 1681., koja je od 1686. bila kasarna pa bolnica sve do 1995. a danas je centralna točka kompleksa novog škotskog parlamenta.[1]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 „Edinburgh” (engleski). Encyclopædia Britannica. Pristupljeno 20. 12. 2014. 

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