Manuel II od Portugala

Manuel II
Manuelov foto portret
Portugalski kralj
Vladavina 1889. - 1908.
Krunidba 29. decembar 1889.
Prethodnik Carlos I
Nasljednik -
Supruga Augusta Viktoria od Hohenzollerna
Dinastija Bragança
Otac Carlos I
Majka Amélia od Orléansa
Rođenje 15. novembar 1889.
Lisabon, Portugal
Smrt 2. jul 1932.
Twickenham, Engleska
Potpis
Vjera Katolik

Manuel II (Lisabon, 15. novembar 1889.- Twickenham, 2. jul 1932.) bio je posljednji portugalski kralj koji je vladao svega dvije godine od 1908. do 1910., kad je svrgnuta monarhija i poglašena republika.[1]

Biografija

Manuel je bio mlađi sin kralja Carlosa I i Amélie od Orléansa, unuke francuskog kralja Louisa Philippa. Otac mu je postao omražen, jer je podržavao diktaturu svog premijera João Franca. Zbog tog je 1. februara 1908. ubijen zajedno sa najstarijim sinom prestolonaslednikom Luísom Filipom, u atentatu kog su izveli anarhisti dok se vozio ulicama Lisabona. Tako se Manuel neočekivano našao na tronu sa 18 godina.[1]

Manuel je prisilio Franca da podnese ostavku, i angažirao admirala Francisca Ferreira do Amarala za premijera nove vlade. Admiral je želio smiriti situaciju, pa je nastojao da njegova vlada bude sastavljena od predstavnika dviju glavnih političkih partija; Regeneratora (monarhista) i Progresista republikanaca. Kako je između njih vladala velika netrpeljivost, niti jedan partijski lider nije htio ući u vladu. Amaral je nastavio s izborima u Lisabonu, na kojima su pobijedili republikanci, koji su intenzivirali pripreme za revoluciju. Sa druge strane monarhisti podjeljeni na frakcije, formirali su jalove koalicije, i saljetali mladog kralja savjetima, i krivili ga što nije prihvatio njihovu koncepciju, već onu od konkurenata.[1]

U ljeto 1910. Manuel je otišao na odmor u Palaču Buçaco, u Mealhadi. kad se vratio izbila je revolucija, kojoj se pridružila i mornarica. Ona je sa brodova na Teju bombardirala njegovu rezidenciju. Zbog tog je Manuel pobjegao u Palaču Mafri, a nakon tog u egzil u Englesku.[1]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 „Manuel II king of Portugal” (engleski). Encyclopaedia Britannica. Pristupljeno 22.03.2024. 

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