Maksim Planud

Maksim Planud (oko 1260-1330) bio je vizantijski književnik, gramatičar i teolog, koji je stvarao tokom vladavine careva Mihajla VIII Paleologa i Andronika II Paleologa. Rođen je u Nikomediji, u maloazijskoj Bitiniji, ali je veći deo života proveo u Carigradu, gde se kao monah posvetio poučavanju i književnosti. Kada se zamonašio promenio je svoje ime "Manojlo" u "Maksim".

Za vizantijsku književnost Planud je značajan kao autor jedne idile u heksametru, kanona sv. Dimitriju i drugih dela, a bavio se i teologijom i istorijom, te sačinio jednu dragocenu antologiju epigrama i čuveni zbornik vizantijskih poslovica. Takođe je ostavio i nekoliko dragocenih spisa iz gramatike (naročito belešku o poreklu političkog stiha), sholije i pisma.

Poznavanje latinskog jezika i rimske književnosti, skoro izgubljeno u dugovekovnoj i samonametnutoj kulturnoj izolaciji i samopretpostavljenoj superiornosti grčke Vizantije, omogućilo je Planudu da svoju humanističku orijentaciju učini još stvarnijom nego što je to moglo biti kod drugih njegovih savremenika ili prethodnika. Preveo je veliki broj spisa sa latinskog jezika i približio Vizantiji rimske klasike (Katona, Ovidija, Cicerona, Cezara, Makrobija, Donata, Aurelija Avgustina). U njegovoj ličnosti i njegovom književnom delu oseća se već vrlo snažno duh novog doba.

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