Политическая антропология

Политическая антропология — направление исследований (субдисциплина) в социальной антропологии, занимающееся изучением политического процесса и политических институтов обществ.

Прямыми предшественниками политической антропологии были Льюис Генри Морган и Генри Мэн. На складывание субдисциплины оказала большое влияние теория структурного функционализма антрополога Рэдклиф-Брауна.

Начало политической антропологии как специальной научной дисциплины связывается с публикацией в 1940 году трёх классических трудов по африканистике: книг «Нуэры» и «Политическая система ануаков» Эдварда Эванса-Притчарда, посвящённых исследованию политической жизни нилотских народов, а также сборника «Африканские политические системы», вышедшего под совместной редакцией Э. Эванса-Притчарда и Мейера Фортеса[1]. Они провозгласили необходимость индуктивного и сравнительного изучения обществ[2]. Не менее важный вклад в становление политической антропологии внес Эдмунд Лич.

На протяжении истории своего развития политическая антропология фокусировалась на проблемах догосударственных обществ и обществ раннего государства, роли ритуалов в частности и религии в целом, идентичности, конфликтов и сопротивления, деколонизации.

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ Словарь по политологии / под ред. проф. В. Н. Коновалова. — Ростов н/Д. : Изд-во РГУ, 2001. — 285 с.
  2. ↑ Крадин Н.Н. Политическая антропология. — Москва: Logos, 2005.

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