Мебибайт

Запрос «MiB» перенаправляется сюда; о городской легенде см. Люди в чёрном.

Мебибайт (русское обозначение: МиБ; международное: MiB) — единица измерения количества информации, равная 220 (10242) байт[1].

Единица была создана Международной электротехнической комиссией (МЭК) (МЭК) в 1998 году[2], была принята для использования всеми основными организациями по стандартизации и является частью Международной системы единиц[3].

Мебибайт был разработан, чтобы заменить термин мегабайт в тех областях информатики, в которых он означал 1 048 576 байт, что противоречит определению СИ для префикса мега- (106 = 1 000 000, миллион)[4].

Мебибайт (10242 байт) больше мегабайта (10002 байт) на 48 576 байт (более чем на 48 килобайт или 47 кибибайт), и, соответственно, на 4,86 %.

Определение

1 мебибайт (МиБ) = 220 байт = 1 048 576 байт

По этому определению, а также определению гибибайта (ГиБ) как 230 байт, получается

1024 мебибайт = 1 гибибайт

Префикс меби- получен из словослияния слов мега и бинарный, указывая на его происхождение в близости к значению префикса СИ мега- (1 000 000). Все двоичные префиксы МЭК начинаются с заглавной буквы (КиБ, МиБ, ГиБ, ТиБ и т. д.)[5].

IEC/80000-13 определяет 1 байт как 8 бит (1 Б = 8 бит). Следовательно:

1 мебибайт = 8 388 608 бит

История внедрения

Проводник Windows отображает размеры файлов в мебибайтах, но при этом неверно указывает десятичный префикс (т. е. использует обозначение МБ вместо МиБ).

Примечания

  1. ↑ International Electrotechnical Commission. Prefixes for binary multiples. Дата обращения: 9 января 2014. Архивировано 25 сентября 2016 года.
  2. ↑ International Electrotechnical Commission (January 1999), IEC 60027-2 Amendment 2: Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology - Part 2: Telecommunications and electronics
  3. ↑ IEC 80000-13:2008. International Organization for Standardization. Дата обращения: 21 июля 2013. Архивировано 27 декабря 2013 года.
  4. ↑ Definitions of the SI units: The binary prefixes. physics.nist.gov. Дата обращения: 9 апреля 2018. Архивировано 26 ноября 2019 года.
  5. ↑ National Institute of Standards and Technology. Prefixes for binary multiples. Дата обращения: 9 октября 2015. Архивировано 8 августа 2007 года.

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