Урахус

Вертикальный разрез мочевого пузыря, пениса и уретры. Урахус находится на самом верху

Урахус (др.-греч. οὖρον — моча + χέω — лью, выливаю) (другое название: мочевой проток) — трубчатое образование у эмбриона, соединяющее передний отдел верхушки мочевого пузыря и пупок между брюшиной и поперечной фасцией живота, образуется из верхнего отдела аллантоиса. По данному протоку моча плода выводится в околоплодные воды. С 5 месяцев внутриутробной жизни начинается облитерация протока, которая завершается к моменту рождения, с превращением его в срединную пупочную связку. Однако при определенных условиях проток перекрывается не полностью, в результате чего формируются его аномалии:

  • Пупочный свищ — незаращение части урахуса, находящейся в области пупка. Проявляется такая аномалия постоянным мокнутием ранки пупка.
  • Пузырно-пупочный свищ — полное незаращение урахуса. Данный вид характеризуется постоянным выделением из ранки пупка мочи.
  • Дивертикул мочевого пузыря — незаращение части урахуса, отходящей от мочевого пузыря.
  • Киста урахуса — незаращение средней части урахуса.

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