Металлотолерантные организмы

Металлотолерантные организмы — тип экстремофилов, организмы, способные обитать в окружающей среде с высокими концентрациями (> 1 мМ) тяжелых металлов и их солей в окружающей среде[1].

Использование металлотолерантных организмов является наиболее эффективным, экономичным и экологичным методом биологического извлечения тяжелых металлов из промышленных загрязненных почв. Было установлено, что металлотолерантные микроорганизмы обладают различными механизмами детоксикации загрязняющих вещества, в том числе биосорбция, биоаккумуляция, биотрансформация и биоминерализация. В клетках микроогранизмов имеется большое количество функциональных групп, включая карбоксильные, гидроксильные, фосфатные и аминогруппы, которые способны связываться с ионами тяжелых металлов[2].

Металлотолерантные организмы могут быть найдены в окружающей среде, содержащей мышьяк, кадмий, медь, и цинк. Известные представители таких организмов Ferroplasma sp. и Cupriavidus metallidurans.

Примечания

  1. ↑ Ching Tse and Kesen Ma. Growth and Metabolism of Extremophilic Microorganisms // Grand Challenges in Biology and Biotechnology / Editor Pabulo H. Rampelotto. — Springer, 2016. — P. 2. — 726 p. — ISBN 978-3-319-13520-5. — ISBN 978-3-319-13521-2.
  2. ↑ Khan I. et all,. Mycoremediation: a treatment for heavy metalpolluted soil using indigenous metallotolerant fungi (англ.) // Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. — 2019. — Vol. 191, no. 10. — P. 622. — doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7781-9..

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