Templo de umbanda

Templo de Umbanda, Centro de umbanda ou ainda Casa de Umbanda se refere ao local onde ocorrem as reuniões dos devotos da religião umbandista bem como rituais e festas dessa religião.

Características

O templo ou centro de Umbanda varia de acordo com suas diversas ramificações. Os compartimentos ou divisões podem ser os mesmos e ter as mesmas denominações porém terem outros usos e objetivos de acordo com a vertente de Umbanda.

  • Tronqueira - é um compartimento fechado por uma pequena porta construido do lado externo do terreiro, destina-se a segurança do terreiro e tem por finalidade o assentamento das forças dos Exus (Umbanda do Ritual de Almas e Angola)[1] ou ainda, onde é firmado o assentamento da(s) entidade(s) que protege a casa e comanda as atividades no plano espiritual.[2] Normalmente se localiza do lado de fora, próximo a entrada, à esquerda de quem entra.[3]
  • Firmeza ou Assentamento de Ogum - Local onde fica firmado ou assentado o Orixá Ogum e onde são destinadas as oferendas ao Orixá, pode ser um local externo ou interno.[3]
  • Firmeza para Anjo da Guarda[3]
  • Canjira: Na Umbanda do Ritual de Almas e Angola, é o local onde estão os itens das entidades Exu e a Pombagira, como as quartinhas, as guias, os paramentos e imagens, além de também ser o local onde se realizam as obrigações e oferendas.)[1]
  • Pegi - O altar sagrado dos rituais.[4]
  • Roncó - Um altar particular do chefe do terreiro onde são feitos os rituais dos filhos do terreiroe outros rituais como o amaci, batismo etc.[4]
  • Cruzeiro das Almas ou Casa das almas (Umbanda do Ritual de Almas e Angola) -
  • Congá - O Congá é o ponto principal de axé do Terreiro. Um local consagrado, onde as energias são permanentemente renovadas, através de nossas preces e outros objetos imantados que ali são dispostos, como velas, flores, copos com água, pontos riscados, pedras e imagens. Imagens de Santos católicos por conta do sincretismo religioso, de caboclos, de pretos velhos, entre outras entidades de Umbanda.[5]
  • Salão
  • Quarto de camarinha
  • Casa de matanças - É o local onde se faz a matança de animais na Umbanda de Nação.[4]
  • Assistência
  • Quarto de santo
  • Cozinha de santo

Aspecto jurídico

No Brasil, os templos de Umbanda podem ser legalizados desde que registrem uma Ata de Constituição de Templo e um Estatuto, ambos assinados por um advogado e registrados em cartório. A partir dessa documentação, pode-se requerer o registro de um CNPJ de organização sem fins lucrativos porém necessário para o controle fiscal e financeiro da instituição.[6]

Os templos ainda estão sujeitos a fiscalização de órgãos como a ANVISA necessários para a obtenção de alvará de funcionamento entre outras obrigações legais.[6]

Referências

  1. a b Giovani Martins e Luiz Carlos Peres (2015). Casa De Santo. Clube de Autores. pp. 19 – 20.
  2. Janaina Azevedo. Tudo o que você precisa saber sobre Umbanda - Vol. 1. pp. 31 – 32. ISBN 978-85-99187-91-3.
  3. a b c Fernando Aparecido (2015). Teologia Básica De Umbanda. Clube de Autores. pp. 87–88.
  4. a b c Francisco Allison Peixoto (2008). Introdução De Umbanda. Clube de Autores. p. 14.
  5. http://www.ceenc.com.br/2012/08/o-conga-ou-gonga-de-umbanda.html
  6. a b Sérgio Martins Dos Reis (2010). Universo Umbandista. Clube de Autores. pp. 63–73.

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